玛瑙螺-I，一种来自非洲大蜗牛的内源性神经兴奋性四肽，含有一个D-氨基酸残基。

Achatin-I, an endogenous neuroexcitatory tetrapeptide from Achatina fulica Férussac containing a D-amino acid residue.

作者信息

Kamatani Y, Minakata H, Kenny P T, Iwashita T, Watanabe K, Funase K, Sun X P, Yongsiri A, Kim K H, Novales-Li P

机构信息

Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Research, Osaka, Japan.

出版信息

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 May 15;160(3):1015-20. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(89)80103-2.

DOI:10.1016/s0006-291x(89)80103-2

PMID:2597281

Abstract

A tetrapeptide named achatin-I was purified from the suboesophageal and cerebral ganglia of the African giant snail Achatina fulica Férussac, and evoked a potent neuroexcitatory effect. The amino acid sequence of achatin-I is Gly-D-Phe-Ala-Asp. Achatin-I induced a voltage-dependent inward current, due to Na+, on the identifiable giant neuron, periodically oscillating neuron (PON), of the same snail. All possible isomers of achatin-I were synthesized using the solid-phase method. The sensitivity of the neuron to achatin-I and its isomers was strictly stereospecific; among the various isomers, only achatin-I showed marked effects (ED50 = 2.29 x 10(-6)M), while Gly-D-Phe-D-Ala-Asp, the synthetic D-Ala-isomer, was less than 10(-3) active.

摘要

从非洲大蜗牛（Achatina fulica Férussac）的食管下神经节和脑神经节中纯化出一种名为阿查丁 - I的四肽，它能引发强烈的神经兴奋作用。阿查丁 - I的氨基酸序列为甘氨酸 - D - 苯丙氨酸 - 丙氨酸 - 天冬氨酸。阿查丁 - I在同一只蜗牛可识别的巨神经元、周期性振荡神经元（PON）上诱导出一种依赖电压的内向电流，该电流由钠离子引起。使用固相法合成了阿查丁 - I的所有可能异构体。该神经元对阿查丁 - I及其异构体的敏感性具有严格的立体特异性；在各种异构体中，只有阿查丁 - I显示出显著作用（半数有效剂量ED50 = 2.29×10⁻⁶M），而合成的D - 丙氨酸异构体甘氨酸 - D - 苯丙氨酸 - D - 丙氨酸 - 天冬氨酸的活性小于10⁻³。