Münz Christian
Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich , Zurich , Switzerland.
Front Immunol. 2015 Apr 29;6:200. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00200. eCollection 2015.
Macroautophagy delivers cytoplasmic constituents for lysosomal degradation. Because MHC class II molecules are loaded with lysosomal products for CD4(+) T-cell stimulation, macroautophagy supports intracellular antigen processing onto MHC class II molecules. The molecular machinery of macroautophagy, however, does not only support this autophagic antigen processing, but seems to also modify extracellular antigen uptake for MHC class II presentation, antigen exocytosis, and packaging for improved cross-presentation onto MHC class I molecules. The different membrane trafficking pathways with LC3-associated phagocytosis, compartment for unconventional protein secretion, and DRibbles as well as the role that autophagic proteins play in them will be discussed in this review.
巨自噬将细胞质成分输送至溶酶体进行降解。由于MHC II类分子装载有用于刺激CD4(+) T细胞的溶酶体产物，巨自噬支持细胞内抗原加工至MHC II类分子上。然而，巨自噬的分子机制不仅支持这种自噬性抗原加工，似乎还能改变细胞外抗原摄取以进行MHC II类呈递、抗原胞吐作用以及包装，从而改善其在MHC I类分子上的交叉呈递。本综述将讨论与LC3相关吞噬作用、非常规蛋白质分泌区室和DRibbles相关的不同膜运输途径，以及自噬蛋白在其中所起的作用。
