Malys Mantas Kazimieras, Campbell Laura, Malys Naglis
St Catherine's College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3UJ, UK.
School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2015;51(2):69-75. doi: 10.1016/j.medici.2015.03.001. Epub 2015 Mar 24.
The human gut commensal microbiota forms a complex population of microorganisms that survive by maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the host. Amongst the metabolic benefits it brings, formation of adaptive immune system and maintenance of its homeostasis are functions that play an important role. This review discusses the integral elements of commensal microbiota that stimulate responses of different parts of the immune system and lead to health or disease. It aims to establish conditions and factors that contribute to gut commensal microbiota's transformation from symbiotic to antibiotic relationship with human. We suggest that the host-microbiota relationship has been evolved to benefit both parties and any changes that may lead to disease, are not due to unfriendly properties of the gut microbiota but due to host genetics or environmental changes such as diet or infection.
人类肠道共生微生物群形成了一个复杂的微生物群体，它们通过与宿主维持共生关系而生存。在其带来的代谢益处中，适应性免疫系统的形成及其稳态的维持是发挥重要作用的功能。本综述讨论了共生微生物群的组成要素，这些要素刺激免疫系统不同部分的反应并导致健康或疾病。其目的是确定有助于肠道共生微生物群与人类从共生关系转变为对抗关系的条件和因素。我们认为，宿主与微生物群的关系已经进化到使双方都受益，任何可能导致疾病的变化，不是由于肠道微生物群的不良特性，而是由于宿主基因或环境变化，如饮食或感染。
