Guan Yidong, Zhang Yuan, Zhao Dongye, Huang Xiaofeng, Li Haini
a Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology , Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing , People's Republic of China.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2015 Jun;65(6):721-31. doi: 10.1080/10962247.2015.1010751.
Lack of access to adequate sanitation facilities has serious health implications for rural dwellers and can degrade the ecosystems. This study offers a systemantic and quantitative overview of historical data on rural domestic waste (RDW) production and past and current management practices in a prototype region in China, where rural areas are undergoing rapid urbanization and are confronted with great environmental challenges associated with poor RDW management practices. The results indicate that RDW is characterized with a large fraction of kitchen waste (42.9%) and high water content (53.4%). The RDW generation (RDWG) per capita between 2012 and 2020 is estimated to increase from 0.68 to 1.01 kg/d-cap. The Hill 1 model is able to adequately simulate/project the population growth in a rural area from 1993 to 2020. The annual RDWG in the region is estimated to double from 6,033,000 tons/year in 2008 to 12,030,000 tons/year by 2020. By comparing three RDW management scenarios based on the life-cycle inventory approach and cost-benefit analysis, it is strongly recommended that the present Scenario 2 (sanitary landfill treatment) be upgraded to Scenario 3 (source separation followed by composting and landfill of RDW) to significantly reduce the ecological footprint and to improve the cost-effectiveness and long-term sustainability.
Rural domestic waste (RDW) is affecting 720 million people in China and more than 3221 million people worldwide. Consequently, handling and disposal of RDW have serious health implications to rural dwellers and the ecosystems. This study offers a systemantic and quantitative overview and analysis of historical data on RDW production and management practices in a prototype region in China, which is confronted with great environmental challenges associated with RDW. Then we predict future production of RDW and propose a sustainable RDW management strategy, which holds the promise of greatly mitigating the mounting environmental pressure associated with RDW and provides science-based guidance for decision makers and practitioners for assuring rapid yet "green" economic development.
缺乏充足的卫生设施对农村居民的健康有严重影响，并且会破坏生态系统。本研究对中国一个典型地区农村生活垃圾（RDW）产生的历史数据以及过去和当前的管理实践进行了系统且定量的概述，该地区农村正在经历快速城市化，面临着与不良的农村生活垃圾管理实践相关的巨大环境挑战。结果表明，农村生活垃圾的特点是厨余垃圾占比大（42.9%）且含水量高（53.4%）。2012年至2020年人均农村生活垃圾产生量（RDWG）估计从0.68千克/（人·天）增至1.01千克/（人·天）。希尔1模型能够充分模拟/预测1993年至2020年某农村地区的人口增长。该地区的年农村生活垃圾产生量估计将从2008年的603.3万吨/年翻倍至2020年的1203.0万吨/年。通过基于生命周期清单方法和成本效益分析比较三种农村生活垃圾管理方案，强烈建议将当前的方案2（卫生填埋处理）升级为方案3（源头分类后对农村生活垃圾进行堆肥和填埋），以显著减少生态足迹，提高成本效益和长期可持续性。
中国农村生活垃圾影响着7.2亿人，全球超过32.21亿人。因此，农村生活垃圾的处理和处置对农村居民和生态系统有着严重的健康影响。本研究对中国一个典型地区农村生活垃圾产生和管理实践的历史数据进行了系统且定量的概述与分析，该地区面临着与农村生活垃圾相关的巨大环境挑战。然后我们预测了农村生活垃圾的未来产量，并提出了一种可持续的农村生活垃圾管理策略，有望极大地减轻与农村生活垃圾相关的日益增加的环境压力，并为决策者和从业者提供基于科学的指导，以确保实现快速且“绿色”的经济发展。
