Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2; Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 4R2.
Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5; Centre for Neural Dynamics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2015 Aug;33:166-73. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2015.04.007. Epub 2015 May 15.
Studies of motor learning have largely focussed on the cerebellum, and have provided key concepts about neural circuits required. However, other parts of the nervous system are involved in learning, as demonstrated by the capacity to 'train' spinal circuits to produce locomotion following spinal cord injury. While somatosensory feedback is necessary for spinal motor learning, feed forward circuits within the spinal cord must also contribute. In fact, motoneurons themselves could act as comparators that integrate feed forward and feedback inputs, and thus contribute to motor learning. Application of cerebellar-derived principles to spinal circuitry leads to testable predictions of spinal organization required for motor learning.
运动学习的研究主要集中在小脑上，并提供了有关所需神经回路的关键概念。然而，学习还涉及到神经系统的其他部分，这一点可以通过在脊髓损伤后“训练”脊髓回路来产生运动的能力得到证明。虽然躯体感觉反馈对于脊髓运动学习是必要的，但脊髓内的前馈回路也必须做出贡献。事实上，运动神经元本身可以作为比较器，整合前馈和反馈输入，从而有助于运动学习。将小脑衍生的原理应用于脊髓回路，可以对运动学习所需的脊髓组织提出可测试的预测。
