Hasson Uri, Chen Janice, Honey Christopher J
Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, NJ 08544-1010, USA.
Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, NJ 08544-1010, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2015 Jun;19(6):304-13. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2015.04.006. Epub 2015 May 14.
Models of working memory (WM) commonly focus on how information is encoded into and retrieved from storage at specific moments. However, in the majority of real-life processes, past information is used continuously to process incoming information across multiple timescales. Considering single-unit, electrocorticography, and functional imaging data, we argue that (i) virtually all cortical circuits can accumulate information over time, and (ii) the timescales of accumulation vary hierarchically, from early sensory areas with short processing timescales (10s to 100s of milliseconds) to higher-order areas with long processing timescales (many seconds to minutes). In this hierarchical systems perspective, memory is not restricted to a few localized stores, but is intrinsic to information processing that unfolds throughout the brain on multiple timescales.
工作记忆（WM）模型通常关注信息在特定时刻如何被编码到存储中以及如何从存储中检索出来。然而，在大多数现实生活过程中，过去的信息会被持续用于在多个时间尺度上处理传入的信息。综合单神经元、皮层脑电图和功能成像数据，我们认为：（i）几乎所有皮层回路都能随时间积累信息；（ii）积累的时间尺度呈层次化变化，从处理时间尺度较短（10到100毫秒）的早期感觉区域到处理时间尺度较长（几秒到几分钟）的高阶区域。从这种层次系统的角度来看，记忆并不局限于少数局部存储，而是信息处理的固有属性，这种信息处理在整个大脑中以多个时间尺度展开。
