Bezerra Rodrigo Alves, Giné Gastón Andrés Fernandez, Maciel Bianca Mendes, Gaiotto Fernanda Amato, Albuquerque George Rêgo
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz - UESC, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil.
Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz - UESC, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil.
Parasit Vectors. 2015 May 17;8:277. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0882-6.
Strains of Toxoplasma gondii in Brazil have high genetic diversity compared to North America and Europe. The bristle-spined porcupine, Chaetomys subspinosus, is often subject to hunting for human food, but it is not known whether it can be a reservoir of this parasite. The aim of this study was to verify the occurrence of T. gondii in C. subspinosus from southern Bahia, Brazil, and genetically characterize and compare the strains found with those isolated in previous studies of the same region to quantify their genetic diversity by multilocus PCR-RFLP and PCR sequencing.
Twelve free-ranging C. subspinosus captured in forest fragments of the Una Biological Reserve and adjacent areas were evaluated. Three isolates of T. gondii (TgCsBr01-03) were detected. Two different genotypes were identified by applying multilocus PCR-RFLP with six molecular markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, c22-8, PK1, and Apico). The isolates TgCsBr02 and TgCsBr03 were indistinguishable by this technique. However, the three isolates differed from all the reference strains and from the samples from the same region. Nevertheless, when the six genetic markers were used in multilocus PCR sequencing, all three isolates of T. gondii were different. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a greater genetic distance for TgCsBr01, which was closer to isolates from pigs from the same region, while TgCsBr02-03 was classified in the same lineage and was closer to isolates from sheep from this region.
All the isolates differed from the clonal genotypes of types I, II, and III using both genotyping techniques.
与北美和欧洲相比，巴西的刚地弓形虫菌株具有高度的遗传多样性。硬毛豪猪（Chaetomys subspinosus）常因人类食用而遭到猎杀，但尚不清楚它是否可能是这种寄生虫的宿主。本研究的目的是验证巴西巴伊亚州南部硬毛豪猪体内刚地弓形虫的存在情况，对所发现的菌株进行基因特征分析，并与之前在同一地区研究中分离出的菌株进行比较，通过多位点PCR-RFLP和PCR测序来量化它们的遗传多样性。
对在乌纳生物保护区及其周边地区的森林片段中捕获的12只野生硬毛豪猪进行了评估。检测到3株刚地弓形虫分离株（TgCsBr01 - 03）。通过使用6个分子标记（SAG1、SAG2、SAG3、c22 - 8、PK1和Apico）进行多位点PCR-RFLP鉴定出两种不同的基因型。通过该技术，分离株TgCsBr02和TgCsBr03无法区分。然而，这三株分离株与所有参考菌株以及来自同一地区的样本均不同。不过，当在多位点PCR测序中使用这6个基因标记时，所有3株刚地弓形虫分离株均不相同。系统发育分析显示TgCsBr01的遗传距离更大，它更接近来自同一地区猪的分离株，而TgCsBr02 - 03被归类在同一谱系中，且更接近来自该地区绵羊的分离株。
使用两种基因分型技术，所有分离株均与I型、II型和III型的克隆基因型不同。
