Sherman Aleksandra, Grabowecky Marcia, Suzuki Satoru
Department of Cognitive Science, Occidental College.
Department of Psychology, Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Northwestern University.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2015 Aug;41(4):898-903. doi: 10.1037/a0039314. Epub 2015 May 18.
What shapes art appreciation? Much research has focused on the importance of visual features themselves (e.g., symmetry, natural scene statistics) and of the viewer's experience and expertise with specific artworks. However, even after taking these factors into account, there are considerable individual differences in art preferences. Our new result suggests that art preference is also influenced by the compatibility between visual properties and the characteristics of the viewer's visual system. Specifically, we have demonstrated, using 120 artworks from diverse periods, cultures, genres, and styles, that art appreciation is increased when the level of visual complexity within an artwork is compatible with the viewer's visual working memory capacity. The result highlights the importance of the interaction between visual features and the beholder's general visual capacity in shaping art appreciation.
是什么塑造了艺术鉴赏？许多研究都聚焦于视觉特征本身（如对称性、自然场景统计数据）以及观者对特定艺术品的体验和专业知识的重要性。然而，即便考虑了这些因素，在艺术偏好方面仍存在相当大的个体差异。我们的新研究结果表明，艺术偏好还受到视觉属性与观者视觉系统特征之间兼容性的影响。具体而言，我们使用了来自不同时期、文化、流派和风格的120件艺术品进行展示，当一件艺术品的视觉复杂程度与观者的视觉工作记忆容量相匹配时，艺术鉴赏力会增强。这一结果凸显了视觉特征与观者一般视觉能力之间的相互作用在塑造艺术鉴赏方面的重要性。
