迈向核心结局集（COS）的制定：Cochrane系统评价结局的随访描述性调查
Towards core outcome set (COS) development: a follow-up descriptive survey of outcomes in Cochrane reviews.
作者信息
Wuytack Francesca, Smith Valerie, Clarke Mike, Williamson Paula, Gargon Elizabeth
机构信息
School of Nursing & Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, 24 D'Olier Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
School of Nursing & Midwifery, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland.
出版信息
Syst Rev. 2015 May 19;4:73. doi: 10.1186/s13643-015-0060-0.
BACKGROUND
A core outcome set (COS) can address problems of outcome heterogeneity and outcome reporting bias in trials and systematic reviews, including Cochrane reviews, helping to reduce waste. One of the aims of the international Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) Initiative is to link the development and use of COS with the outcomes specified and reported in Cochrane reviews, including the outcomes listed in the summary of findings (SoF) tables. As part of this work, an earlier exploratory survey of the outcomes of newly published 2007 and 2011 Cochrane reviews was performed. This survey examined the use of COS, the variety of specified outcomes, and outcome reporting in Cochrane reviews by Cochrane Review Group (CRG). To examine changes over time and to explore outcomes that were repeatedly specified over time in Cochrane reviews by CRG, we conducted a follow-up survey of outcomes in 2013 Cochrane reviews.
METHODS
A descriptive survey of outcomes in Cochrane reviews that were first published in 2013. Outcomes specified in the methods sections and reported in the results section of the Cochrane reviews were examined by CRG. We also explored the uptake of SoF tables, the number of outcomes included in these, and the quality of the evidence for the outcomes.
RESULTS
Across the 50 CRGs, 375 Cochrane reviews that included at least one study specified a total of 3142 outcomes. Of these outcomes, 32 % (1008) were not reported in the results section of these reviews. For 23 % (233) of these non-reported outcomes, we did not find any reason in the text of the review for this non-report. Fifty-seven percent (216/375) of reviews included a SoF table.
CONCLUSIONS
The proportion of specified outcomes that were reported in Cochrane reviews had increased in 2013 (68 %) compared to 2007 (61 %) and 2011 (65 %). Importantly, 2013 Cochrane reviews that did not report specified outcomes were twice as likely to provide an explanation for why the outcome was not reported. There has been an increased uptake of SoF tables in Cochrane reviews. Outcomes that were repeatedly specified in Cochrane reviews by CRG in 2007, 2011, and 2013 may assist COS development.
背景
核心结局集（COS）可解决试验及系统评价（包括Cochrane系统评价）中的结局异质性和结局报告偏倚问题，有助于减少资源浪费。国际有效性试验核心结局指标（COMET）倡议的目标之一是将COS的制定与应用同Cochrane系统评价中规定和报告的结局联系起来，包括结果总结（SoF）表中列出的结局。作为这项工作的一部分，之前对2007年和2011年新发表的Cochrane系统评价的结局进行了探索性调查。该调查研究了COS的使用情况、规定结局的多样性以及Cochrane评价组（CRG）在Cochrane系统评价中的结局报告情况。为了研究随时间的变化，并探索CRG在Cochrane系统评价中随时间反复规定的结局，我们对2013年Cochrane系统评价的结局进行了随访调查。
方法
对2013年首次发表的Cochrane系统评价的结局进行描述性调查。CRG检查了Cochrane系统评价方法部分规定并在结果部分报告的结局。我们还探讨了SoF表的采用情况、其中包含的结局数量以及结局证据的质量。
结果
在50个CRG中，375篇至少纳入一项研究的Cochrane系统评价共规定了3142个结局。在这些结局中，32%（1008个）未在这些系统评价的结果部分报告。对于这些未报告结局中的23%（233个），我们在系统评价文本中未找到未报告的原因。57%（216/375）的系统评价包含SoF表。
结论
与2007年（61%）和2011年（65%）相比，2013年Cochrane系统评价中报告的规定结局比例有所增加（68%）。重要的是，2013年未报告规定结局的Cochrane系统评价提供结局未报告原因解释的可能性是之前的两倍。Cochrane系统评价中SoF表的采用有所增加。CRG在2007年、2011年和2013年的Cochrane系统评价中反复规定的结局可能有助于COS的制定。
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