Dong Chen, Zhou Hui, Shen Chong, Yu Lu-Gang, Ding Yi, Zhang Yong-Hong, Guo Zhi-Rong
Chen Dong, Hui Zhou, Yong-Hong Zhang, Zhi-Rong Guo, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
World J Diabetes. 2015 May 15;6(4):654-61. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i4.654.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are the serious public health problems worldwide. Moreover, it is estimated that MetS patients have about five-fold greater risk of the T2DM development compared with people without the syndrome. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are a subgroup of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors which play an important role in the pathogenesis of MetS and T2DM. All three members of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) nuclear receptor subfamily, PPARα, PPARβ/δ and PPARγ are critical in regulating insulin sensitivity, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, and blood pressure. Recently, more and more studies indicated that the gene polymorphism of PPARs, such as Leu(162)Val and Val(227)Ala of PPARα, +294T > C of PPARβ/δ, Pro(12)Ala and C1431T of PPARγ, are significantly associated with the onset and progressing of MetS and T2DM in different population worldwide. Furthermore, a large body of evidence demonstrated that the glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism were influenced by gene-gene interaction among PPARs genes. However, given the complexity pathogenesis of metabolic disease, it is unlikely that genetic variation of a single locus would provide an adequate explanation of inter-individual differences which results in diverse clinical syndromes. Thus, gene-gene interactions and gene-environment interactions associated with T2DM and MetS need future comprehensive studies.
代谢综合征（MetS）和2型糖尿病（T2DM）是全球严重的公共卫生问题。此外，据估计，与无该综合征的人相比，MetS患者发生T2DM的风险大约高五倍。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体是配体激活转录因子核激素受体超家族的一个亚组，在MetS和T2DM的发病机制中起重要作用。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）核受体亚家族的所有三个成员，即PPARα、PPARβ/δ和PPARγ，在调节胰岛素敏感性、脂肪生成、脂质代谢和血压方面都至关重要。最近，越来越多的研究表明，PPARs的基因多态性，如PPARα的Leu(162)Val和Val(227)Ala、PPARβ/δ的+294T > C、PPARγ的Pro(12)Ala和C1431T，在全球不同人群中与MetS和T2DM的发生及进展显著相关。此外，大量证据表明，PPARs基因之间的基因-基因相互作用会影响葡萄糖代谢和脂质代谢。然而，鉴于代谢性疾病发病机制的复杂性，单个位点的基因变异不太可能充分解释导致不同临床综合征的个体间差异。因此，与T2DM和MetS相关的基因-基因相互作用和基因-环境相互作用需要未来进行全面研究。
