Langdon Kate A, McLaughlin Mike J, Kirby Jason K, Merrington Graham
Minerals Down Under Research and Land and Water Flagships, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Environmental Contaminant Mitigation and Technologies, Glen Osmond, Adelaide, Australia.
WCA Environment, Faringdon, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2015 Nov;34(11):2503-12. doi: 10.1002/etc.3067. Epub 2015 Sep 18.
Silver (Ag) has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial properties; as a result, it is being used increasingly in a wide range of consumer products. With these uses, the likelihood that Ag may enter the environment has increased, predominately via land application of biosolids or irrigation with treated wastewater effluent. The aim of the present study was to investigate the toxicity of Ag to 2 plant species: barley (Hordeum vulgare L. CV Triumph) and tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) in a range of soils under both leached and unleached conditions. The concentrations that resulted in a 50% reduction of plant growth (EC50) were found to vary up to 20-fold across the soils, indicating a large influence of soil type on Ag toxicity. Overall, barley root elongation was found to be the least sensitive to added Ag, with EC50 values ranging from 51 mg/kg to 1030 mg/kg, whereas the tomato plant height showed higher sensitivity with EC50 values ranging from 46 mg/kg to 486 mg/kg. The effect of leaching was more evident in the barley toxicity results, where higher concentrations of Ag were required to induce toxicity. Variations in soil organic carbon and pH were found to be primarily responsible for mitigating Ag toxicity; therefore, these properties may be used in future risk assessments for Ag to predict toxicity in a wide range of soil types.
银（Ag）已被证明具有抗菌特性；因此，它在越来越多的消费产品中得到应用。随着这些用途的增加，银进入环境的可能性也在增加，主要是通过生物固体的土地施用或经处理的废水灌溉。本研究的目的是调查在一系列土壤中，在淋溶和非淋溶条件下，银对两种植物大麦（Hordeum vulgare L. CV Triumph）和番茄（Lycopersicum esculentum）的毒性。结果发现，导致植物生长减少50%的浓度（EC50）在不同土壤中相差高达20倍，这表明土壤类型对银的毒性有很大影响。总体而言，发现大麦根伸长对添加银的敏感性最低，EC50值在51毫克/千克至1030毫克/千克之间，而番茄株高表现出更高的敏感性，EC50值在46毫克/千克至486毫克/千克之间。淋溶的影响在大麦毒性结果中更为明显，在那里需要更高浓度的银来诱导毒性。发现土壤有机碳和pH值的变化主要是减轻银毒性的原因；因此，这些特性可用于未来银的风险评估，以预测广泛土壤类型中的毒性。
