Mansouri-Najand Ladan, Rezaii Zeinab
Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran;
Graduate Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran.
Vet Res Forum. 2015 Winter;6(1):79-82. Epub 2015 Mar 15.
Milk is often described as a complete food because it contains protein, sugar, fat, vitamins, and minerals. This study was performed to investigate risk factors affecting chemical and bacteriological quality of bulk tank milk. According to the following conducted experiments, the milk was divided into two standard and non-standard groups. Then, effect of risk factors on making the samples non-standard was studied. Risk factors such as type of milk delivery unit, distance of cattle farm from plant, size of herd, education level of stockbreeders, capacity of milk transport tank, capacity of cooler device, and number of workers employed in cattle farms were evaluated in this study. Microbial and chemical evaluations were performed. Beta-lactam antibiotic residues and somatic cell count were specified. At the same time, the stockbreeders who referred to the plant were given some questionnaires and the mentioned primary questions were asked. After collecting the data, logistic regression model was used. According to the obtained results and comparison with Iran's national standard, 26 out of 109 samples were determined to be at standard level and 83 ones had at least one out-of-standard factor. The results obtained from the model demonstrated significant effect of education of stockbreeders and capacity of cooler devices on the milk quality. Education of stockbreeders could greatly affect management of a cattle farm unit.
牛奶常被描述为一种完整的食物，因为它含有蛋白质、糖、脂肪、维生素和矿物质。本研究旨在调查影响奶罐散装牛奶化学和细菌学质量的风险因素。根据以下进行的实验，将牛奶分为标准组和非标准组。然后，研究了风险因素对使样品不符合标准的影响。本研究评估了诸如牛奶运输单位类型、奶牛场与工厂的距离、牛群规模、饲养员教育水平、牛奶运输罐容量、冷却装置容量以及奶牛场雇佣的工人数量等风险因素。进行了微生物和化学评估。测定了β-内酰胺抗生素残留和体细胞计数。同时，向到工厂的饲养员发放了一些问卷，并询问了上述主要问题。收集数据后，使用了逻辑回归模型。根据获得的结果并与伊朗国家标准进行比较，109个样本中有26个被确定为符合标准水平，83个至少有一个不符合标准的因素。该模型获得的结果表明，饲养员的教育水平和冷却装置的容量对牛奶质量有显著影响。饲养员的教育水平会极大地影响奶牛场单位的管理。
