Hovdestad Wendy, Campeau Aimée, Potter Dawn, Tonmyr Lil
Public Health Agency of Canada, Government of Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
Ottawa, Canada.
PLoS One. 2015 May 18;10(5):e0123366. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123366. eCollection 2015.
Population-representative surveys that assess childhood maltreatment and health are a valuable resource to explore the implications of child maltreatment for population health. Systematic identification and evaluation of such surveys is needed to facilitate optimal use of their data and to inform future research.
To inform researchers of the existence and nature of population-representative surveys relevant to understanding links between childhood maltreatment and health; to evaluate the assessment of childhood maltreatment in this body of work.
We included surveys that: 1) were representative of the non-institutionalized population of any size nation or of any geopolitical region ≥ 10 million people; 2) included a broad age range (≥ 40 years); 3) measured health; 4) assessed childhood maltreatment retrospectively; and 5) were conducted since 1990. We used Internet and database searching (including CINAHL, Embase, ERIC, Global Health, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Social Policy and Practice: January 1990 to March 2014), expert consultation, and other means to identify surveys and associated documentation. Translations of non-English survey content were verified by fluent readers of survey languages. We developed checklists to abstract and evaluate childhood maltreatment content.
Fifty-four surveys from 39 countries met inclusion criteria. Sample sizes ranged from 1,287-51,945 and response rates from 15%-96%. Thirteen surveys assessed neglect, 15 emotional abuse; 18 exposure to family violence; 26 physical abuse; 48 sexual abuse. Fourteen surveys assessed more than three types; six of these were conducted since 2010. In nine surveys childhood maltreatment assessments were detailed (+10 items for at least one type of maltreatment). Seven surveys' assessments had known reliability and/or validity.
Data from 54 surveys can be used to explore the population health relevance of child maltreatment. Assessment of childhood maltreatment is not comprehensive but there is evidence of recent improvement.
评估儿童期虐待与健康状况的具有人群代表性的调查，是探索儿童期虐待对人群健康影响的宝贵资源。需要对这类调查进行系统识别和评估，以促进对其数据的最佳利用，并为未来研究提供信息。
告知研究人员与理解儿童期虐待和健康之间联系相关的具有人群代表性的调查的存在情况和性质；评估这一系列研究中对儿童期虐待的评估情况。
我们纳入了符合以下条件的调查：1）代表任何规模国家的非机构化人群或任何人口≥1000万的地缘政治区域；2）涵盖较广年龄范围（≥40岁）；3）测量了健康状况；4）回顾性评估儿童期虐待情况；5）自1990年以来开展。我们利用互联网和数据库检索（包括护理学与健康领域数据库、荷兰医学文摘数据库、教育资源信息中心数据库、全球健康数据库、医学期刊数据库、心理学文摘数据库、Scopus数据库、社会政策与实践数据库：1990年1月至2014年3月）、专家咨询及其他方式来识别调查及相关文档。非英语调查内容的翻译由精通调查语言的人员进行核实。我们制定了清单来提取和评估儿童期虐待的内容。
来自39个国家的54项调查符合纳入标准。样本量从1287至51945不等，应答率从15%至96%不等。13项调查评估了忽视；15项评估了情感虐待；18项评估了遭受家庭暴力情况；26项评估了身体虐待；48项评估了性虐待。14项调查评估了三种以上类型；其中六项是2010年以后开展的。九项调查对儿童期虐待的评估较为详细（至少有一种虐待类型有10项以上条目）。七项调查的评估具有已知的信度和/或效度。
54项调查的数据可用于探索儿童期虐待与人群健康的相关性。对儿童期虐待的评估并不全面，但有证据表明近期有所改善。
