Loo Gee Brendan, Griffiths Kathleen M, Gulliver Amelia
National Institute for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University National Institute for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University
National Institute for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University.
J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2016 Jan;23(1):221-9. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocv043. Epub 2015 May 21.
Mobile technologies may be suitable for delivering Ecological Momentary Interventions (EMI) to treat anxiety in real-time. This review aims to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of EMI for treating anxiety conditions.
Four databases and the reference lists of previous studies were searched. A total of 1949 abstracts were double screened for inclusion. Sufficient studies were available to undertake a quantitative meta-analysis on EMIs on generalized anxiety symptoms.
The 15 randomized trials and randomized controlled trials examined anxiety (n = 7), stress (n = 3), anxiety and stress (n = 2), panic disorder (n = 2), and social phobia (n = 1). Eight EMIs comprised self-monitoring integrated with therapy modules, seven comprised multimedia content, and three comprised self-monitoring only. The quality of studies presented high risk of biases. Meta-analysis (n = 7) demonstrated that EMIs reduced generalized anxiety compared to control and/or comparison groups (Effect Size (ES) = 0.32, 95% CI, 0.12-0.53). Most EMIs targeting stress were reported effective relative to control as were the two EMIs targeting panic disorders. The EMI targeting social phobia was not effective.
EMIs have potential in treating both anxiety and stress. However, few high-quality trials have been conducted for specific anxiety disorders. Further trials are needed to assess the value of EMI technologies for anxiety in enhancing existing treatments.
This study found a small significant effect of EMI studies on reducing generalized anxiety. Studies on stress demonstrated EMI was effective compared to control, with the small number of studies on panic and social phobia demonstrating mixed results.
移动技术可能适用于提供生态瞬时干预（EMI）以实时治疗焦虑症。本综述旨在综合关于EMI治疗焦虑症有效性的证据。
检索了四个数据库以及先前研究的参考文献列表。共对1949篇摘要进行了双重筛选以确定是否纳入。有足够的研究可对EMI治疗广泛性焦虑症状进行定量荟萃分析。
15项随机试验和随机对照试验考察了焦虑症（n = 7）、压力（n = 3）、焦虑和压力（n = 2）、惊恐障碍（n = 2）以及社交恐惧症（n = 1）。八项EMI包括与治疗模块整合的自我监测，七项包括多媒体内容，三项仅包括自我监测。研究质量存在高偏倚风险。荟萃分析（n = 7）表明，与对照组和/或比较组相比，EMI可减轻广泛性焦虑（效应量（ES）= 0.32，95%置信区间，0.12 - 0.53）。大多数针对压力的EMI相对于对照组报告有效，针对惊恐障碍的两项EMI也是如此。针对社交恐惧症的EMI无效。
EMI在治疗焦虑和压力方面具有潜力。然而，针对特定焦虑症的高质量试验较少。需要进一步的试验来评估EMI技术在增强现有治疗方法治疗焦虑症方面的价值。
本研究发现EMI研究在减轻广泛性焦虑方面有小的显著效果。关于压力的研究表明，与对照组相比，EMI有效，而针对惊恐和社交恐惧症的少量研究结果不一。
