Sahingur Sinem Esra, Yeudall W Andrew
Department of Periodontics, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA ; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA.
Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA ; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, VA , USA.
Front Immunol. 2015 May 5;6:214. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00214. eCollection 2015.
The chemotactic cytokines, or chemokines, comprise a superfamily of polypeptides with a wide range of activities that include recruitment of immune cells to sites of infection and inflammation, as well as stimulation of cell proliferation. As such, they function as antimicrobial molecules and play a central role in host defenses against pathogen challenge. However, their ability to recruit leukocytes and potentiate or prolong the inflammatory response may have profound implications for the progression of oral diseases such as chronic periodontitis, where tissue destruction may be widespread. Moreover, it is increasingly recognized that chronic inflammation is a key component of tumor progression. Interaction between cancer cells and their microenvironment is mediated in large part by secreted factors such as chemokines, and serves to enhance the malignant phenotype in oral and other cancers. In this article, we will outline the biological and biochemical mechanisms of chemokine action in host-microbiome interactions in periodontal disease and in oral cancer, and how these may overlap and contribute to pathogenesis.
趋化性细胞因子，即趋化因子，构成了一个具有广泛活性的多肽超家族，这些活性包括将免疫细胞募集到感染和炎症部位，以及刺激细胞增殖。因此，它们作为抗菌分子发挥作用，并在宿主抵御病原体攻击的防御中发挥核心作用。然而，它们募集白细胞以及增强或延长炎症反应的能力可能对诸如慢性牙周炎等口腔疾病的进展产生深远影响，在慢性牙周炎中组织破坏可能很广泛。此外，人们越来越认识到慢性炎症是肿瘤进展的关键组成部分。癌细胞与其微环境之间的相互作用在很大程度上由趋化因子等分泌因子介导，并有助于增强口腔癌和其他癌症的恶性表型。在本文中，我们将概述趋化因子在牙周病和口腔癌的宿主 - 微生物组相互作用中的生物学和生化作用机制，以及这些机制如何重叠并导致发病。
