Roostaee Fatemeh, Tabatabaei Seyed Mehdi, Zaboli Maryam, Keykhaie Razieh, Sharifi-Rad Javad, Shahrak Paridokht, Soroush Fatemeh
Department of Health Deputy, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran.
Department of Health Education, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran.
Med Arch. 2015 Apr;69(2):98-102. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2015.69.98-102. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
Breast-feeding not only promotes health in an infancy period, but also leads to human vigor and safety at varied life periods viz. adolescence, youth, middle-age, or even adulthood.
The present study was aimed to determine the factors affecting the breast-feeding continuation effectively for a selected region of Iran.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 523 women having less than two year old babies from the selected counties covered by the Zahedan University of Medical Sciences (Khash, Saravan, Sarbaz, Chabahar, Zahedan, Nikshahr, Iranshahr, and Konark) using the stratified sampling method. The Data was completed for the target group by using the check-list which included 3 parts: demographic data, case history of pregnancy, childbirth and mother's statue, and previous records of the newborn up to two years. The obtained data were fed into SPSS software, and all parametric and non-parametric statistical methods were used to analyze the data, especially appropriate to the data type.
The results showed that the most important factors associated with breast-feeding discontinuation were infant's illness (only up to six months), mother's consciousness, parental support, practical breastfeeding training to the mother, mother's educational level, child's gender, place of birth, pregnancies' interval, mother's ethnicity and residence and the statue of taking (using) narcotics. The data also indicated that on maternal reasons the main factor which impelled most of the mothers to discontinue their breast-feeding up to six months or even before two years was milk shortage in mother's breasts. Moreover, the main child- related factor that compelled most of the mothers for non-continuance of their breast-feeding up to six months or even before two years was child's crying and discomfort.
It can be safely concluded that promotion of parental education, neglecting child's gender as far as cultural context and preference of a son is considered, observance of pregnancy interval for more than three years, non-smoking in nursing mothers, practical training of breast-feeding to mothers besides conductance of educative programs via maternity hospitals and health centers to educate parents about the importance of breast-feeding and benefits of spouse's support can be considered as the influential factors in continuation of breast-feeding.
母乳喂养不仅能促进婴儿期的健康，还能在不同生命阶段，即青春期、青年期、中年期甚至成年期，使人充满活力并保障安全。
本研究旨在确定影响伊朗某特定地区有效持续母乳喂养的因素。
本横断面研究采用分层抽样方法，对扎黑丹医科大学覆盖的选定县（哈什、萨拉万、萨尔巴兹、恰巴哈尔、扎黑丹、尼克沙赫尔、伊兰沙赫尔和科纳克）中孩子年龄小于两岁的523名妇女进行了研究。通过使用包含三个部分的检查表来完成目标群体的数据收集：人口统计学数据、怀孕、分娩和母亲状况的病史，以及新生儿直至两岁的既往记录。将获得的数据输入SPSS软件，并使用所有参数和非参数统计方法对数据进行分析，尤其适用于数据类型。
结果表明，与停止母乳喂养相关的最重要因素是婴儿患病（仅在六个月以内）、母亲的意识、父母的支持、对母亲进行的实际母乳喂养培训、母亲的教育水平、孩子的性别、出生地、怀孕间隔、母亲的种族和居住地以及服用（使用）麻醉品的状况。数据还表明，就母亲方面的原因而言，促使大多数母亲在六个月甚至两年之前停止母乳喂养的主要因素是母亲乳房缺奶。此外，促使大多数母亲在六个月甚至两年之前停止母乳喂养的主要与孩子相关的因素是孩子哭闹和不适。
可以有把握地得出结论，提高父母教育水平、在考虑文化背景和对儿子的偏好的情况下忽略孩子性别、遵守三年以上的怀孕间隔、哺乳期母亲不吸烟、对母亲进行实际母乳喂养培训，此外通过妇产医院和保健中心开展教育项目，向父母宣传母乳喂养的重要性以及配偶支持的益处，可以被视为持续母乳喂养的影响因素。
