Riahi Frough, Mohammadi Mohammad Reza, Izadi Mazidi Maryam, Khaleghi Ali, Hooshyari Zahra
Department of Psychiatry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Child Neurol. 2022 Summer;16(3):95-107. doi: 10.22037/ijcn.v15i4.27319. Epub 2022 Jul 16.
This cross-sectional study aimed to study the prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents in Khuzestan province.
MATERIALS & METHODS: A community sample consisting of 1028 (51.6% female) children and adolescents aged 6-18 years was selected using a multistage cluster sampling method. Data were gathered using the Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and a demographic questionnaire (i.e., gender, age, level of education, place of residence, parent's education, and parent's Job).
Nearly 22.6% (22.3% of boys and 23% of girls) of all participants suffered from at least one psychiatric disorder. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders based on gender, age, father's education, mother's education, mother's job, and father's job (all p>0.05). Psychiatric disorders were significantly more prevalent among children and adolescents in urban areas compared to rural places (2.9% vs. 8.1; p<0.001). The most prevalent category was anxiety disorders (15%). Also, the most common disorders were specific phobia (7%), separation anxiety disorder (6.3%), and enuresis (5.2%). The most common comorbid disorders were mood disorders and anxiety disorders (56.3%), followed by anxiety disorders and elimination disorders (32.1%).
Psychiatric conditions are prevalent in children and adolescents living in Khuzestanian. The study's findings have important implications for providing effective psychiatric services.
本横断面研究旨在调查胡齐斯坦省儿童和青少年精神障碍的患病率。
采用多阶段整群抽样方法，选取了1028名6至18岁的儿童和青少年作为社区样本（其中女性占51.6%）。使用儿童版情感障碍和精神分裂症问卷当前及终生版（K-SADS-PL）和一份人口统计学调查问卷（即性别、年龄、教育程度、居住地点、父母教育程度和父母职业）收集数据。
所有参与者中近22.6%（男孩为22.3%，女孩为23%）患有至少一种精神障碍。基于性别、年龄、父亲教育程度、母亲教育程度、母亲职业和父亲职业，精神障碍的患病率没有显著差异（所有p>0.05）。与农村地区相比，城市地区的儿童和青少年中精神障碍更为普遍（2.9%对8.1%；p<0.001）。最常见的类别是焦虑障碍（15%）。此外，最常见的疾病是特定恐惧症（7%）、分离焦虑障碍（6.3%）和遗尿症（5.2%）。最常见的共病障碍是情绪障碍和焦虑障碍（56.3%），其次是焦虑障碍和排泄障碍（32.1%）。
精神疾病在胡齐斯坦省的儿童和青少年中普遍存在。该研究结果对提供有效的精神科服务具有重要意义。
