Melaugh McAteer Annie, Curran David, Hanna Donncha
Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Belfast, UK,
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2015 Sep;232(17):3183-91. doi: 10.1007/s00213-015-3969-z. Epub 2015 May 28.
Previous research on attention bias in nondependent social drinkers has focused on adult samples with limited focus on the presence of attention bias for alcohol cues in adolescent social drinkers.
The aim of this study was to examine the presence of alcohol attention bias in adolescents and the relationship of this cognitive bias to alcohol use and alcohol-related expectancies.
Attention bias in adolescent social drinkers and abstainers was measured using an eye tracker during exposure to alcohol and neutral cues. Questionnaires measured alcohol use and explicit alcohol expectancies.
Adolescent social drinkers spent significantly more time fixating to alcohol stimuli compared to controls. Total fixation time to alcohol stimuli varied in accordance with level of alcohol consumption and was significantly associated with more positive alcohol expectancies. No evidence for automatic orienting to alcohol stimuli was found in adolescent social drinkers.
Attention bias in adolescent social drinkers appears to be underpinned by controlled attention suggesting that whilst participants in this study displayed alcohol attention bias comparable to that reported in adult studies, the bias has not developed to the point of automaticity. Initial fixations appeared to be driven by alternative attentional processes which are discussed further.
先前对非依赖型社交饮酒者注意力偏差的研究主要集中在成人样本上，对青少年社交饮酒者中酒精线索注意力偏差的存在关注有限。
本研究旨在检验青少年中酒精注意力偏差的存在情况，以及这种认知偏差与酒精使用及与酒精相关预期的关系。
在青少年社交饮酒者和戒酒者接触酒精和中性线索时，使用眼动仪测量他们的注意力偏差。通过问卷调查来测量酒精使用情况和明确的酒精预期。
与对照组相比，青少年社交饮酒者注视酒精刺激的时间明显更长。对酒精刺激的总注视时间随酒精消费水平而变化，且与更积极的酒精预期显著相关。在青少年社交饮酒者中未发现对酒精刺激的自动定向证据。
青少年社交饮酒者的注意力偏差似乎由控制性注意力支撑，这表明虽然本研究中的参与者表现出与成人研究中报告的类似的酒精注意力偏差，但这种偏差尚未发展到自动的程度。最初的注视似乎由其他注意力过程驱动，对此将进一步讨论。
