LncRNA BCAR4 wires up signaling transduction in breast cancer.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in many cancer types and are believed to play crucial roles in regulating several hallmarks of cancer biology. Currently, most studies support the concept that lncRNAs are involved in either transcriptional or post-transcriptional processes via binding/targeting epigenetic modifiers or hRNP complexes. The discovery of new biological functions of lncRNA and novel RNA binding proteins suggests that lncRNAs may be implicated in a broad spectrum of biological processes such as signal transduction, allosteric regulation of cytoplasmic enzymatic activities, among other potential processes. In a recent report that we have made, based on open-ended lncRNA pulldown technology and a series of systematic analyses, we suggest that lncRNAs also play critical roles in the regulation of noncanonical Hedgehog/GLI 2 signal transduction pathways in cancer cells, which further broadens the scope of known lncRNA functions and aids in the discovery and design of more effective and evidence-based therapeutic targets for the treatment of human cancers and other diseases.