Löllgen R, Szabo L
Notfallzentrum für Kinder und Jugendliche, Inselspital, 3010, Bern, Schweiz,
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2015 Jun;110(5):338-45. doi: 10.1007/s00063-015-0035-x. Epub 2015 May 29.
The clinical signs and symptoms of shock in newborns and children are often more subtle compared to adults. Recurring, avoidable factors for optimal outcome include failure of health care workers to recognize shock at the time of presentation. Children are able to compensate a shock state for longer periods than adults resulting in a sudden, sometimes irreversible, cardiopulmonary collapse. Different forms of shock, their therapy, and frequent errors are depicted and illustrated with practical examples. Early recognition of shock in children is crucial for optimal outcome but is not always obvious. Clinical experience, gut feeling, and careful and repeated interpretation of the vital parameters are essential to recognize and effectively treat the various forms of shock.
与成人相比，新生儿和儿童休克的临床体征和症状往往更为隐匿。对于实现最佳治疗效果而言，反复出现且可避免的因素包括医护人员在患儿就诊时未识别出休克。儿童比成人能够在更长时间内代偿休克状态，从而导致突然的、有时甚至是不可逆的心肺功能衰竭。本文通过实际案例描述并阐释了不同类型的休克、其治疗方法以及常见错误。早期识别儿童休克对于实现最佳治疗效果至关重要，但并非总是显而易见。临床经验、直觉以及对生命体征参数进行仔细且反复的解读对于识别和有效治疗各种类型的休克至关重要。
