Morey Lluis, Santanach Alexandra, Di Croce Luciano
Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
Mol Cell Biol. 2015 Aug;35(16):2716-28. doi: 10.1128/MCB.00266-15. Epub 2015 Jun 1.
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are characterized by their ability to self-renew and to differentiate into all cell types of a given organism. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that govern the ESC state is of great interest not only for basic research-for instance, ESCs represent a perfect system to study cellular differentiation in vitro-but also for their potential implications in human health, as these mechanisms are likewise involved in cancer progression and could be exploited in regenerative medicine. In this minireview, we focus on the latest insights into the molecular mechanisms mediated by the pluripotency factors as well as their roles during differentiation. We also discuss recent advances in understanding the function of the epigenetic regulators, Polycomb and MLL complexes, in ESC biology.
胚胎干细胞（ESCs）的特点是具有自我更新能力，并能分化为特定生物体的所有细胞类型。了解调控胚胎干细胞状态的分子机制不仅对基础研究具有重要意义——例如，胚胎干细胞是体外研究细胞分化的理想系统——而且对其在人类健康方面的潜在影响也很重要，因为这些机制同样参与癌症进展，并且可用于再生医学。在这篇小型综述中，我们重点关注多能性因子介导的分子机制的最新见解及其在分化过程中的作用。我们还讨论了在理解表观遗传调节因子、多梳蛋白和混合谱系白血病（MLL）复合物在胚胎干细胞生物学中的功能方面的最新进展。
