Tola Siriporn, Bureau Dominique P, Hooft Jamie M, Beamish Frederick W H, Sulyok Michael, Krska Rudolf, Encarnação Pedro, Petkam Rakpong
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
UG/OMNR Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Toxins (Basel). 2015 May 29;7(6):1929-44. doi: 10.3390/toxins7061929.
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to examine effects of wheat naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, DON 41 mg·kg(-1)) on growth performance and selected health indices of red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus; initial weight = 4.3 g/fish). Five experimental diets were formulated by replacement of clean wheat with naturally contaminated wheat resulting in graded levels of DON and zearalenone (ZEN) (Diet 1 0.07/0.01, Diet 2 0.31/0.09, Diet 3 0.50/0.21, Diet 4 0.92/0.37 and Diet 5 1.15/0.98 mg·kg(-1)). Groups of 50 fish were randomly allocated into each of 20 aquaria and fed to near-satiety for eight weeks. Growth rate, feed intake and feed efficiency of fish fed the experimental diets decreased linearly with increasing levels of Fusarium mycotoxins (p < 0.05). Although growth depression was associated with feeding diets naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins, especially DON, no biochemical and histopathological parameters measured in blood and liver appeared affected by Fusarium mycotoxin concentrations of diets (p > 0.05). Though there was no clear evidence of overt DON toxicity to red tilapia, it is recommended that feed ingredients should be screened for Fusarium mycotoxin contamination to ensure optimal growth performance.
进行了一项为期8周的饲养试验，以研究天然受镰刀菌霉菌毒素污染（脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇，呕吐毒素含量为41毫克·千克⁻¹）的小麦对红罗非鱼（尼罗罗非鱼×莫桑比克罗非鱼；初始体重=4.3克/尾）生长性能和选定健康指标的影响。通过用天然污染的小麦替代干净小麦，配制了五种实验饲料，从而形成了不同水平的呕吐毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮（日粮1 0.07/0.01、日粮2 0.31/0.09、日粮3 0.50/0.21、日粮4 0.92/0.37和日粮5 1.15/0.98毫克·千克⁻¹）。将每组50尾鱼随机分配到20个水族箱中，连续八周喂至接近饱足状态。随着镰刀菌霉菌毒素水平的增加，投喂实验饲料的鱼的生长率、采食量和饲料效率呈线性下降（p<0.05）。虽然生长抑制与投喂天然受镰刀菌霉菌毒素污染的饲料有关，尤其是呕吐毒素，但在血液和肝脏中测得的生化和组织病理学参数似乎不受饲料中镰刀菌霉菌毒素浓度的影响（p>0.05）。尽管没有明确证据表明呕吐毒素对红罗非鱼有明显毒性，但建议对饲料原料进行镰刀菌霉菌毒素污染筛查，以确保最佳生长性能。
