Baldacchino Frédéric, Caputo Beniamino, Chandre Fabrice, Drago Andrea, della Torre Alessandra, Montarsi Fabrizio, Rizzoli Annapaola
Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Università di Roma 'Sapienza', Rome, Italy.
Pest Manag Sci. 2015 Nov;71(11):1471-85. doi: 10.1002/ps.4044. Epub 2015 Jun 26.
Five species of invasive Aedes mosquitoes have recently become established in Europe: Ae. albopictus, Ae. aegypti, Ae. japonicus japonicus, Ae. koreicus and Ae. atropalpus. These mosquitoes are a serious nuisance for people and are also competent vectors for several exotic pathogens such as dengue and chikungunya viruses. As they are a growing public health concern, methods to control these mosquitoes need to be implemented to reduce their biting and their potential for disease transmission. There is a crucial need to evaluate methods as part of an integrated invasive mosquito species control strategy in different European countries, taking into account local Aedes infestations and European regulations. This review presents the control methods available or in development against invasive Aedes mosquitoes, with a particular focus on those that can be implemented in Europe. These control methods are divided into five categories: environmental (source reduction), mechanical (trapping), biological (e.g. copepods, Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis, Wolbachia), chemical (insect growth regulators, pyrethroids) and genetic (sterile insect technique and genetically modified mosquitoes). We discuss the effectiveness, ecological impact, sustainability and stage of development of each control method.
白纹伊蚊、埃及伊蚊、日本伊蚊、朝鲜伊蚊和黑须伊蚊。这些蚊子对人类来说是严重的滋扰，也是登革热和基孔肯雅病毒等几种外来病原体的有效传播媒介。由于它们对公共卫生的影响日益受到关注，因此需要实施控制这些蚊子的方法，以减少它们的叮咬以及疾病传播的可能性。迫切需要在不同欧洲国家评估这些方法，作为综合入侵蚊种控制策略的一部分，同时考虑当地伊蚊的侵扰情况和欧洲法规。本综述介绍了现有的或正在开发的针对入侵性伊蚊的控制方法，特别关注那些可在欧洲实施的方法。这些控制方法分为五类：环境（源头减少）、机械（诱捕）、生物（如桡足类、苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列变种、沃尔巴克氏体）、化学（昆虫生长调节剂、拟除虫菊酯）和遗传（不育昆虫技术和转基因蚊子）。我们讨论了每种控制方法的有效性、生态影响、可持续性和发展阶段。
