Control methods for invasive mosquitoes of and (Diptera: Culicidae) in Indonesia.

The two invasive mosquito species in Indonesia are and . These mosquitoes are a serious nuisance to humans and are also the primary vectors of several foreign pathogens, such as dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. Efforts must be made to reduce the possibility of mosquito bites and the potential for disease transmission. Given the invasion of these two species, this approach should be considered as part of an integrated strategy to manage them. This review discusses existing and developing control techniques for invasive and , with an emphasis on those that have been and are being used in Indonesia. Environmental, mechanical, biological (e.g., and ), and chemical (e.g., insect growth regulators and pyrethroids) approaches are discussed in this review, considering their effectiveness, sustainability, and control methods.