Behrouz R, Powers C J
Division of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Division of Vascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Eur J Neurol. 2016 Feb;23(2):262-9. doi: 10.1111/ene.12742. Epub 2015 Jun 4.
The Middle East (ME) is an ethnically and economically diverse region. A systematic review of all stroke studies conducted in the ME was carried out, with the aim of determining the prevalence of classic vascular risk factors (CRFs) across this region. Additionally, the prevalence of CRFs in the ME was compared to that of a US cohort. Prospective and retrospective ME stroke studies published from 1994 to 2014 were searched for that specifically reported on the prevalence of CRFs. The Z test for proportions was used to determine the significance of differences in CRF rates between the ME and non-ME studies. A total of 21,724 stroke patients from 13 nations in the ME were included. The prevalence rates for CRFs in the ME stroke population were hypertension, 62.1%; diabetes, 33.1%; dyslipidaemia, 36.8%; ischaemic heart disease, 24.6%; smoking, 19.3%; and atrial fibrillation, 13.6%. Compared to the US cohort, ME patients had a lower prevalence of all CRFs except diabetes (P < 0.0001) and smoking (P = 0.05). Compared with stroke patients in the USA, those in the ME have a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes and smoking. Education and lifestyle modification is perhaps the most effective strategy in reducing the risk of stroke in this population.
中东地区在种族和经济方面具有多样性。对在中东地区开展的所有中风研究进行了系统综述，目的是确定该地区经典血管危险因素（CRFs）的患病率。此外，还将中东地区CRFs的患病率与美国一组人群的患病率进行了比较。检索了1994年至2014年发表的前瞻性和回顾性中东中风研究，这些研究专门报告了CRFs的患病率。采用比例Z检验来确定中东地区与非中东地区研究中CRF率差异的显著性。共纳入了来自中东13个国家的21724名中风患者。中东中风人群中CRFs的患病率分别为：高血压62.1%；糖尿病33.1%；血脂异常36.8%；缺血性心脏病24.6%；吸烟19.3%；房颤13.6%。与美国人群相比，中东地区患者除糖尿病（P < 0.0001）和吸烟（P = 0.05）外，所有CRFs的患病率均较低。与美国的中风患者相比，中东地区的中风患者糖尿病和吸烟的患病率显著更高。教育和生活方式改变可能是降低该人群中风风险最有效的策略。
