Hayes S R
JAPCA. 1989 Nov;39(11):1453-61. doi: 10.1080/08940630.1989.10466640.
A personal air quality model (PAQM) has been developed to estimate the effect of being indoors on total personal exposure to outdoor-generated air pollution. Designed to improve air toxics risk assessment, PAQM accounts for individual hourly activity patterns, indoor-outdoor differences, physical exercise level, and geographic location for up to 56 different population groups. Unique hourly activity profiles are specified for each population group; group members are assigned each hour to one of up to 10 different indoor and outdoor microenvironments. To illustrate PAQM use, we apply it to two example cases: a long-term example representative of situations where pollutant health impact is related to integrated exposure (as in the case of potentially carcinogenic air toxics) and a short-term example representative of situations where health impact is related to acute exposure to peak concentrations (as with ozone). Case study results illustrate that personal exposure, and thus health risk, attributable to outdoor-generated air pollution is sensitive to indoor-outdoor differences and population mobility. Where health impact is related to long-term integrated exposure (e.g., air toxics), exposure and subsequent risk are likely to be lower than that estimated by previous modeling techniques which do not account for such effects.
已开发出一种个人空气质量模型（PAQM），用于估算待在室内对个人总暴露于室外产生的空气污染中的影响。PAQM旨在改进空气有毒物质风险评估，它考虑了多达56个不同人群组的个人每小时活动模式、室内外差异、体育锻炼水平和地理位置。为每个群体指定了独特的每小时活动概况；群体成员每小时被分配到多达10种不同的室内和室外微环境之一。为说明PAQM的应用，我们将其应用于两个示例案例：一个长期示例代表污染物对健康的影响与综合暴露相关的情况（如潜在致癌空气有毒物质的情况），以及一个短期示例代表健康影响与急性暴露于峰值浓度相关的情况（如臭氧的情况）。案例研究结果表明，归因于室外产生的空气污染的个人暴露以及因此产生的健康风险对室内外差异和人群流动性很敏感。在健康影响与长期综合暴露（如空气有毒物质）相关的情况下，暴露及后续风险可能低于以前未考虑此类影响的建模技术所估计的水平。
