Kulesz Paulina A, Treble-Barna Amery, Williams Victoria J, Juranek Jenifer, Cirino Paul T, Dennis Maureen, Fletcher Jack M
Department of Psychology, University of Houston, USA ; Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation and Statistics, University of Houston, USA.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, USA.
Neuroimage Clin. 2015 Mar 31;8:72-8. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.03.022. eCollection 2015.
This study investigated the relations of tectal volume and superior parietal cortex, as well as alterations in tectocortical white matter connectivity, with the orienting and executive control attention networks in individuals with spina bifida myelomeningocele (SBM). Probabilistic diffusion tractography and quantification of tectal and superior parietal cortical volume were performed on 74 individuals aged 8-29 with SBM and a history of hydrocephalus. Behavioral assessments measured posterior (covert orienting) and anterior (conflict resolution, attentional control) attention network functions. Reduced tectal volume was associated with slower covert orienting; reduced superior parietal cortical volume was associated with slower conflict resolution; and increased axial diffusivity and radial diffusivity along both frontal and parietal tectocortical pathways were associated with reduced attentional control. Results suggest that components of both the orienting and executive control attention networks are impaired in SBM. Neuroanatomical disruption to the orienting network appears more robust and a direct consequence of characteristic midbrain dysmorphology; whereas, executive control difficulties may emerge from parietal cortical anomalies and reduced frontal and parietal cortical-subcortical white matter pathways susceptible to the pathophysiological effects of congenital hydrocephalus.
本研究调查了脊柱裂脊髓脊膜膨出（SBM）患者顶盖体积与顶上叶皮质的关系，以及顶盖皮质白质连接的改变与定向和执行控制注意网络的关系。对74名年龄在8至29岁、患有SBM且有脑积水病史的个体进行了概率性扩散张量成像以及顶盖和顶上叶皮质体积的量化。行为评估测量了后部（隐蔽定向）和前部（冲突解决、注意力控制）注意网络功能。顶盖体积减小与隐蔽定向速度减慢有关；顶上叶皮质体积减小与冲突解决速度减慢有关；沿额叶和顶叶顶盖皮质通路的轴向扩散率和径向扩散率增加与注意力控制降低有关。结果表明，SBM患者的定向和执行控制注意网络的组成部分均受损。定向网络的神经解剖学破坏似乎更严重，是中脑特征性畸形的直接后果；而执行控制困难可能源于顶叶皮质异常以及额叶和顶叶皮质-皮质下白质通路减少，这些通路易受先天性脑积水病理生理效应的影响。
