Loturco Irineu, Nakamura Fabio Y, Artioli Guilherme G, Kobal Ronaldo, Kitamura Katia, Cal Abad Cesar C, Cruz Igor F, Romano Felipe, Pereira Lucas A, Franchini Emerson
1NAR-Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, Brazil; 2Department of Physical Education, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil; 3Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil; 4Laboratory of Applied Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil; and 5Brazilian Boxing Confederation, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Strength Cond Res. 2016 Jan;30(1):109-16. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001075.
This study investigated the relationship between punching impact and selected strength and power variables in 15 amateur boxers from the Brazilian National Team (9 men and 6 women). Punching impact was assessed in the following conditions: 3 jabs starting from the standardized position, 3 crosses starting from the standardized position, 3 jabs starting from a self-selected position, and 3 crosses starting from a self-selected position. For punching tests, a force platform (1.02 × 0.76 m) covered by a body shield was mounted on the wall at a height of 1 m, perpendicular to the floor. The selected strength and power variables were vertical jump height (in squat jump and countermovement jump), mean propulsive power in the jump squat, bench press (BP), and bench throw, maximum isometric force in squat and BP, and rate of force development in the squat and BP. Sex and position main effects were observed, with higher impact for males compared with females (p ≤ 0.05) and the self-selected distance resulting in higher impact in the jab technique compared with the fixed distance (p ≤ 0.05). Finally, the correlations between strength/power variables and punching impact indices ranged between 0.67 and 0.85. Because of the strong associations between punching impact and strength/power variables (e.g., lower limb muscle power), this study provides important information for coaches to specifically design better training strategies to improve punching impact.
本研究调查了15名来自巴西国家队的业余拳击手（9名男性和6名女性）的拳击冲击力与选定的力量和功率变量之间的关系。在以下条件下评估拳击冲击力：从标准姿势开始的3次刺拳、从标准姿势开始的3次交叉拳、从自选姿势开始的3次刺拳以及从自选姿势开始的3次交叉拳。进行拳击测试时，一个覆盖有身体护具的测力平台（1.02×0.76米）安装在墙上，高度为1米，与地面垂直。选定的力量和功率变量包括垂直跳跃高度（深蹲跳和反向移动跳）、跳蹲中的平均推进功率、卧推（BP）和卧推投掷、深蹲和BP中的最大等长力以及深蹲和BP中的力量发展速率。观察到性别和姿势的主效应，男性的冲击力高于女性（p≤0.05），与固定距离相比，自选距离导致刺拳技术的冲击力更高（p≤0.05）。最后，力量/功率变量与拳击冲击指数之间的相关性在0.67至0.85之间。由于拳击冲击力与力量/功率变量（如下肢肌肉力量）之间存在密切关联，本研究为教练专门设计更好的训练策略以提高拳击冲击力提供了重要信息。
