Kramer Ann-Catrin André, Hakeberg Magnus, Petzold Max, Östberg Anna-Lena
a 1 Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland , Sweden.
b 2 Department of Behavioural and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Göteborg, Sweden.
Acta Odontol Scand. 2016;74(3):178-85. doi: 10.3109/00016357.2015.1063160. Epub 2015 Jul 1.
To investigate the dental health of Swedish children and adolescents with reference to age, gender and residence.
Electronic dental records from 300,988 3-19-year-olds in one Swedish region were derived in a cross-sectional study in years 2007-2009. The DMFT system was used. Age was categorized into 3-6/7-9/10-12/13-15/16-17/18-19-year-olds and residence into 'metropolitan', 'urban' and 'rural' areas. ANOVA, generalized linear regression models and Fisher's exact test were used.
Among 7-9-year-old children, nine out of 10 were free from fillings and manifest caries, while for 18-19-year-olds; this proportion was one third. Girls (18-19-year-olds) had a significantly lower risk of caries compared to boys of the same age, RR for the DT index = 0.83 (95% CI = 0.81-0.85). This pattern was reversed in 7-12-year-old children. Children and adolescents in metropolitan and urban areas had significantly more caries than subjects in rural areas, for instance the RR for the DT index in metropolitan 7-9-year-olds was 2.26 (95% CI = 2.11-2.42) compared to their rural counterparts.
In the permanent dentition, the overall pattern revealed that girls ≤ 12 years had a higher risk of caries, while adolescent girls had a lower risk of caries, both compared with boys of corresponding ages. Living in an urban or metropolitan area entailed a higher risk of caries than living in a rural area. A greater occurrence of dental caries in adolescents than in children was confirmed. The findings should have implications for planning and evaluation of oral health promotion and disease prevention activities.
参照年龄、性别和居住地，调查瑞典儿童和青少年的口腔健康状况。
在2007 - 2009年的一项横断面研究中，获取了瑞典一个地区300,988名3 - 19岁儿童的电子牙科记录。采用DMFT系统。年龄分为3 - 6/7 - 9/10 - 12/13 - 15/16 - 17/18 - 19岁组，居住地分为“大都市”、“城市”和“农村”地区。使用方差分析、广义线性回归模型和Fisher精确检验。
在7 - 9岁儿童中，十分之九没有补牙和明显龋齿，而在18 - 19岁青少年中，这一比例为三分之一。女孩（18 - 19岁）与同龄男孩相比，患龋齿的风险显著更低，DT指数的相对危险度（RR）= 0.83（95%置信区间CI = 0.81 - 0.85）。在7 - 12岁儿童中，这种模式则相反。大都市和城市地区的儿童和青少年患龋齿明显多于农村地区的儿童和青少年，例如，大都市7 - 9岁儿童DT指数的RR为2.26（95% CI = 2.11 - 2.42），而农村地区的同龄儿童为2.26。
在恒牙列中，总体模式显示，12岁及以下女孩患龋齿的风险更高，而青少年女孩患龋齿的风险低于相应年龄的男孩。生活在城市或大都市地区比生活在农村地区患龋齿的风险更高。证实青少年患龋齿的情况比儿童更普遍。这些发现应该对口腔健康促进和疾病预防活动的规划与评估具有启示意义。
