Watanabe Noriya, Yamamoto Miyuki
Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo, Japan ; Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University Nagoya, Aichi, Japan ; Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Front Neurosci. 2015 Jun 17;9:154. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00154. eCollection 2015.
In a group setting, individuals' perceptions of their own level of dominance or of the dominance level of others, and the ability to adequately control their behavior based on these perceptions are crucial for living within a social environment. Recent advances in neural imaging and molecular technology have enabled researchers to investigate the neural substrates that support the perception of social dominance and the formation of a social hierarchy in humans. At the systems' level, recent studies showed that dominance perception is represented in broad brain regions which include the amygdala, hippocampus, striatum, and various cortical networks such as the prefrontal, and parietal cortices. Additionally, neurotransmitter systems such as the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems, modulate and are modulated by the formation of the social hierarchy in a group. While these monoamine systems have a wide distribution and multiple functions, it was recently found that the Neuropeptide B/W contributes to the perception of dominance and is present in neurons that have a limited projection primarily to the amygdala. The present review discusses the specific roles of these neural regions and neurotransmitter systems in the perception of dominance and in hierarchy formation.
在群体环境中，个体对自身主导水平或他人主导水平的认知，以及基于这些认知充分控制自身行为的能力，对于在社会环境中生存至关重要。神经成像和分子技术的最新进展使研究人员能够探究支持人类社会主导认知和社会等级制度形成的神经基础。在系统层面，最近的研究表明，主导认知在广泛的脑区中有所体现，这些脑区包括杏仁核、海马体、纹状体以及各种皮层网络，如前额叶皮层和顶叶皮层。此外，多巴胺能和5-羟色胺能等神经递质系统，在群体社会等级制度的形成过程中相互调节。虽然这些单胺系统分布广泛且具有多种功能，但最近发现神经肽B/W有助于主导认知，并且存在于主要投射到杏仁核的有限神经元中。本综述讨论了这些神经区域和神经递质系统在主导认知和等级制度形成中的具体作用。
