未来驾驶舱：双机组、单机组和分布式机组配置方案建模

The future flight deck: Modelling dual, single and distributed crewing options.

作者信息

Stanton Neville A, Harris Don, Starr Alison

机构信息

Transportation Research Group, Civil, Maritime, Environmental Engineering and Science Unit, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, Bouldrewood Innovation Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, SO16 7QF, UK.

Human Systems Integration Group, Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK.

出版信息

Appl Ergon. 2016 Mar;53 Pt B:331-42. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2015.06.019. Epub 2015 Jul 2.

DOI:10.1016/j.apergo.2015.06.019

PMID:26141908

Abstract

It is argued that the barrier to single pilot operation is not the technology, but the failure to consider the whole socio-technical system. To better understand the socio-technical system we model alternative single pilot operations using Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA) and analyse those models using Social Network Analysis (SNA). Four potential models of single pilot operations were compared to existing two pilot operations. Using SOCA-CAT from CWA, we were able to identify the potential functional loading and interactions between networks of agents. The interactions formed the basis on the SNA. These analyses potentially form the basis for distributed system architecture for the operation of a future aircraft. The findings from the models suggest that distributed crewing option could be at least as resilient, in network architecture terms, as the current dual crewing operations.

摘要

有人认为，单飞行员操作的障碍不是技术，而是未能考虑整个社会技术系统。为了更好地理解社会技术系统，我们使用认知工作分析（CWA）对替代单飞行员操作进行建模，并使用社会网络分析（SNA）对这些模型进行分析。将四种潜在的单飞行员操作模型与现有的双飞行员操作进行了比较。使用CWA中的SOCA-CAT，我们能够识别潜在的功能负荷以及代理网络之间的相互作用。这些相互作用构成了SNA的基础。这些分析有可能为未来飞机运行的分布式系统架构奠定基础。模型的研究结果表明，就网络架构而言，分布式机组配置选项至少可以与当前的双人机组操作一样具有弹性。