College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA.
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2015 Sep;30(9):550-60. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2015.06.009. Epub 2015 Jul 10.
Human activities have caused a near-ubiquitous and evolutionarily-unprecedented increase in environmental sound levels and artificial night lighting. These stimuli reorganize communities by interfering with species-specific perception of time-cues, habitat features, and auditory and visual signals. Rapid evolutionary changes could occur in response to light and noise, given their magnitude, geographical extent, and degree to which they represent unprecedented environmental conditions. We present a framework for investigating anthropogenic light and noise as agents of selection, and as drivers of other evolutionary processes, to influence a range of behavioral and physiological traits such as phenological characters and sensory and signaling systems. In this context, opportunities abound for understanding contemporary and rapid evolution in response to human-caused environmental change.
人类活动导致环境声音水平和人工夜间照明近乎无处不在且在进化上史无前例地增加。这些刺激物通过干扰物种对时间线索、栖息地特征以及听觉和视觉信号的特定感知，重组了群落。鉴于其规模、地理范围以及代表前所未有的环境条件的程度，快速的进化变化可能会因光和噪声而发生。我们提出了一个框架，用于研究人为光和噪声作为选择因素，以及作为其他进化过程的驱动因素，以影响一系列行为和生理特征，如物候特征和感官和信号系统。在这种情况下，有很多机会可以了解人类引起的环境变化下对当代和快速进化的反应。
