Liu Liyan, Wang Xinyang, Li Ying, Sun Changhao
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150086, China.
Nutrients. 2015 Jul 9;7(7):5556-71. doi: 10.3390/nu7075238.
The aim of this study was to measure the postprandial changes in amino acid and biogenic amine profiles in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and to investigate the changes of postprandial amino acid and biogenic amine profiles after a meal of highland barley (HB). Firstly, 50 IFG and 50 healthy individuals were recruited for the measurement of 2 h postprandial changes of amino acid and biogenic amine profiles after a glucose load. Secondly, IFG individuals received three different loads: Glucose (GL), white rice (WR) and HB. Amino acid and biogenic amine profiles, glucose and insulin were assayed at time zero and 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after the test load. The results showed fasting and postprandial amino acid and biogenic amine profiles were different between the IFG group and the controls. The level of most amino acids and their metabolites decreased after an oral glucose tolerance test, while the postprandial level of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) increased significantly in IFG individuals. After three different test loads, the area under the curve for glucose, insulin, lysine and GABA after a HB load decreased significantly compared to GL and WR loads. Furthermore, the postprandial changes in the level of GABA between time zero and 120 min during a HB load were associated positively with 2 h glucose and fasting insulin secretion in the IFG individuals. Thus, the HB load produced low postprandial glucose and insulin responses, which induced changes in amino acid and biogenic amine profiles and improved insulin sensitivity.
本研究的目的是测量空腹血糖受损（IFG）个体餐后氨基酸和生物胺谱的变化，并研究食用青稞（HB）餐后氨基酸和生物胺谱的变化。首先，招募了50名IFG个体和50名健康个体，测量葡萄糖负荷后2小时的餐后氨基酸和生物胺谱变化。其次，IFG个体接受三种不同的负荷：葡萄糖（GL）、白米（WR）和HB。在试验负荷后0、30、60、90和120分钟时测定氨基酸和生物胺谱、葡萄糖和胰岛素。结果显示，IFG组和对照组之间的空腹和餐后氨基酸及生物胺谱不同。口服葡萄糖耐量试验后，大多数氨基酸及其代谢产物水平下降，而IFG个体餐后γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）水平显著升高。在三种不同的试验负荷后，与GL和WR负荷相比，HB负荷后葡萄糖、胰岛素、赖氨酸和GABA的曲线下面积显著降低。此外，IFG个体在HB负荷期间0至120分钟内GABA水平的餐后变化与2小时血糖和空腹胰岛素分泌呈正相关。因此，HB负荷产生较低的餐后血糖和胰岛素反应，这会引起氨基酸和生物胺谱的变化并提高胰岛素敏感性。
