Department of Nursing, Center for Health Equity Research and Center for Global Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Department of Community Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Public Health Nurs. 2016 Mar-Apr;33(2):139-50. doi: 10.1111/phn.12216. Epub 2015 Jul 16.
"Risky sexual behavior" accounts for the majority of new HIV infections regardless of gender, age, geographic location, or ethnicity. The phrase, however, refers to a relatively nebulous concept that hampers development of effective sexual health communication strategies. The purpose of this paper was to propose development of a shared conceptual understanding of "risky sexual behavior." We reviewed multidisciplinary HIV/AIDS literature to identify definitions of risky sexual behavior. Both the linguistic components and the social mechanisms that contribute to the concept of risky sexual behaviors were noted. Risky sexual behavior was often defined in a subjective manner in the literature, even in the scientific research. We urge a paradigm shift to focus on explicit behaviors and the social context of those behaviors in determining HIV risk. We also propose a new definition that reduces individual biases and promotes a broader discussion of the degree of sexual risk across a diversity of behavioral contexts. Sexual health professionals can strengthen practice and research initiatives by operating from a concise working definition of risky sexual behavior that is broadly transferable and expands beyond a traditional focus on identity-based groups.
“高危性行为”是大多数新感染 HIV 的原因,无论其性别、年龄、地理位置或种族如何。然而,这个短语指的是一个相对模糊的概念,这阻碍了有效的性健康传播策略的制定。本文旨在提出对“高危性行为”的共同概念理解。我们回顾了多学科的 HIV/AIDS 文献,以确定高危性行为的定义。我们注意到了导致高危性行为概念的语言成分和社会机制。即使在科学研究中,文献中也常常以主观的方式来定义高危性行为。我们敦促人们转变观念,将重点放在明确的行为和这些行为的社会背景上,以确定 HIV 风险。我们还提出了一个新的定义,减少了个人偏见,并促进了在不同行为背景下对性行为风险程度的更广泛讨论。性健康专业人员可以通过使用简洁的高危性行为工作定义来加强实践和研究计划,该定义具有广泛的可转移性,并超越了传统的以身份为基础的群体的重点。