Blumstein Tzvia, Benyamini Yael, Boyko Valentina, Lerner-Geva Liat
a Women and Children's Health Research Unit , The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ltd ., Tel Hashomer , Ramat Gan , Israel.
b Bob Shapell School of Social Work , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.
Women Health. 2016;56(1):78-97. doi: 10.1080/03630242.2015.1074639. Epub 2015 Jul 27.
The current investigation aimed to assess levels of knowledge about risk factors for heart disease among midlife Israeli women, and to evaluate the relationship of knowledge to personal risk factors and vulnerability to heart disease. Face-to-face interviews with women aged 45-64 years were conducted during 2004-2006 within three population groups: long-term Jewish residents (LTR), immigrants from the former Soviet Union, and Arab women. The survey instrument included six knowledge statements relating to: the risk after menopause, family history, elevated cholesterol level, diabetes, obesity, and warning signs of a heart attack. The findings showed wide disparities in knowledge by educational level and between immigrants and LTR, after taking into account personal risk factors and education. Personal risk factors were not significantly related to the knowledge items, except for personal history of cardiovascular disease, which was associated with knowledge about "warning signs of a heart attack" and "family history." Women who perceived themselves as more vulnerable to heart disease were more likely to identify several risk factors correctly. These findings stress the need to increase knowledge about heart disease, especially among less educated and minority women, and to emphasize the risk of patients' personal status by health providers.
当前的调查旨在评估以色列中年女性对心脏病风险因素的认知水平，并评估这种认知与个人风险因素以及心脏病易感性之间的关系。2004年至2006年期间，对45至64岁的女性进行了面对面访谈，涉及三个群体：长期居住的犹太居民、前苏联移民以及阿拉伯女性。调查工具包括六条与以下方面相关的知识陈述：绝经后的风险、家族病史、胆固醇水平升高、糖尿病、肥胖以及心脏病发作的警示信号。研究结果显示，在考虑个人风险因素和教育程度后，不同教育水平以及移民与长期居住的犹太居民之间在知识方面存在巨大差异。个人风险因素与知识项目之间没有显著关联，但心血管疾病个人史除外，它与“心脏病发作的警示信号”和“家族病史”的知识相关。认为自己更容易患心脏病的女性更有可能正确识别多个风险因素。这些发现强调了有必要增加对心脏病的了解，尤其是在受教育程度较低的女性和少数族裔女性中，并由医疗服务提供者强调患者个人状况的风险。
