Weaver Jason, Filson Moses Jennifer, Snyder Mark
a Colorado College.
b Pierce College.
J Soc Psychol. 2016;156(2):179-89. doi: 10.1080/00224545.2015.1076761. Epub 2015 Jul 27.
Previous research has demonstrated that one person's expectations can influence the behavior of another person, thereby creating a self-fulfilling prophecy. This study examined the effects of ability-based expectations in an experiment in which some participants ("coaches") were assigned false expectations of the basketball free-throw shooting ability of other participants ("players"). Coaches allocated more opportunities to players for whom the false expectation was positive, and fewer shots to players for whom the false expectation was negative. In turn, players who were allocated more shots made a higher percentage of them, thereby confirming their coaches' expectations about their shooting ability, and were more confident in their shooting ability following the task, than players who were allocated fewer shots.
先前的研究表明，一个人的期望会影响另一个人的行为，从而产生自我实现预言。本研究在一项实验中考察了基于能力的期望的影响，在该实验中，一些参与者（“教练”）被给予了关于其他参与者（“球员”）篮球罚球能力的错误期望。教练给那些错误期望为积极的球员分配了更多机会，而给那些错误期望为消极的球员分配的投篮机会较少。相应地，获得更多投篮机会的球员投篮命中率更高，从而证实了教练对他们投篮能力的期望，并且在任务完成后，他们对自己投篮能力的信心也比获得较少投篮机会的球员更强。
