Kim Raymond J T, Biswas Kristi, Hoggard Michael, Taylor Michael W, Douglas Richard G
Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015 Oct;5(10):877-83. doi: 10.1002/alr.21600. Epub 2015 Jul 28.
The role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains uncertain. Recent evidence suggests that bacteria are able to establish microcolonies within the underlying mucosa. However, to date there has been no systematic comparison of bacterial community composition and diversity in the surface mucosa with that of the underlying tissue.
Paired swabs and whole-tissue samples were collected from the middle meatus of 9 patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery. The bacterial composition and diversity of the samples were determined using 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing.
The bacterial communities of both swabs and tissues were dominated by known residents of the sinonasal cavity such as Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, Prevotella, and Peptoniphilus. Although bacterial diversity (richness) did not differ between the 2 groups of samples, there were significant differences in the composition of bacterial communities. Molecular analyses revealed a large amount of interpersonal variation between patients.
Swab and tissue samples revealed similar bacterial diversity to each other and to that of other microbiota studies reported in the CRS literature. However, bacterial composition was significantly different between the 2 sample types, even though the tissue biopsies also comprise bacteria from the surface. We speculate that the bacteria on the surface seed the underlying tissue via the damaged epithelium in CRS patients, which over time develops into a distinct bacterial community.
细菌在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）发病机制中的作用仍不明确。最近的证据表明，细菌能够在鼻窦黏膜下层形成微菌落。然而，迄今为止，尚未对鼻窦表面黏膜与黏膜下层的细菌群落组成和多样性进行系统比较。
从9例接受鼻内镜鼻窦手术的CRS患者的中鼻道采集配对的拭子样本和全组织样本。使用16S rRNA基因扩增子焦磷酸测序法测定样本的细菌组成和多样性。
拭子样本和组织样本中的细菌群落均以鼻腔鼻窦的常见菌属为主，如葡萄球菌、棒状杆菌、普雷沃菌属和消化链球菌属。虽然两组样本的细菌多样性（丰富度）没有差异，但细菌群落组成存在显著差异。分子分析显示患者之间存在大量个体差异。
拭子样本和组织样本显示出彼此相似的细菌多样性，且与CRS文献中报道的其他微生物群研究结果相似。然而，尽管组织活检样本中也包含来自表面的细菌，但两种样本类型的细菌组成仍存在显著差异。我们推测，CRS患者表面的细菌通过受损上皮向下层组织播散，随着时间推移发展为独特的细菌群落。
