Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 18;11(1):6364. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85292-5.
To understand the inflammatory microenvironment and microbiome factors for prognosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps (CRSwNP), we explored the difference in characteristics of the microbiome of the nasal sinuses and inflammatory cytokines between recurrent and non-recurrent groups. We collected nasal secretions and polyp tissue from 77 CRSwNP patients. Then, we extracted microbial DNA from cotton swabs, performed high-throughput sequencing based on 16S rRNA to detect bacterial community composition, and analyzed cytokines such as IL-5, IL-8, IL-17a, IL-17e, IL-18, IL-27 and INF-gamma from polyp tissue using Luminex. The eosinophil and neutrophil cells in the peripheral blood and polyp tissue were counted. Postoperative follow-up of patients with CRSwNP for 1 year was conducted to record the recurrence of nasal polyps and analyze the correlation between the recurrence of nasal polyps and the characteristics of inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory cell count and nasal microbial diversity. After 1 year of follow-up, there were 12 recurrent patients, including 5 males and 7 females. Postoperative recurrence of nasal polyps was not significantly correlated with age, sex, asthma, allergic rhinitis or other allergic diseases in CRSwNP patients. In terms of the total nasal symptom score, the recurrent group was significantly higher than the non-recurrent group. In nasal polyp tissues, eosinophils (40.83/HP) and neutrophils (30.83/HP) in patients with CRSwNP in the recurrent group were significantly higher than those in the non-recurrent group (13.72/HP), and neutrophils (18.5/HP) were also significantly higher in the recurrent group than the non-recurrent group. The expression levels of IFN-, IL-17A, IL-17E and IL-18 were significantly higher in the recurrent group than in the non-recurrent group, and the positive rates were not different. In Southwest China, Enterobacteria and anaerobic bacteria may be correlated with the inflammatory pattern expression of nasal polyps. The neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response plays an important role in patients with CRSwNP in Southwest China and is correlated with nasal polyp recurrence. Recurrence of nasal polyps after endoscopic sinus surgery may be potentially associated with a reduced abundance of protective microorganisms and an increased number of pathogenic microorganisms.
为了了解慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（CRSwNP）的炎症微环境和微生物组因素对预后的影响，我们探索了复发性和非复发性组之间鼻腔鼻窦微生物组特征和炎症细胞因子的差异。我们收集了 77 例 CRSwNP 患者的鼻腔分泌物和息肉组织。然后，我们从棉签中提取微生物 DNA，基于 16S rRNA 进行高通量测序，以检测细菌群落组成，并使用 Luminex 分析息肉组织中细胞因子，如 IL-5、IL-8、IL-17a、IL-17e、IL-18、IL-27 和 INF-γ。计数外周血和息肉组织中的嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞。对 CRSwNP 患者进行为期 1 年的术后随访，以记录鼻息肉的复发情况，并分析鼻息肉复发与炎症细胞因子、炎症细胞计数和鼻腔微生物多样性特征的相关性。随访 1 年后，有 12 例患者复发，包括 5 例男性和 7 例女性。在 CRSwNP 患者中，术后鼻息肉复发与年龄、性别、哮喘、变应性鼻炎或其他过敏疾病无显著相关性。在总鼻部症状评分方面，复发组显著高于非复发组。在 CRSwNP 患者的鼻息肉组织中，复发组的嗜酸性粒细胞（40.83/HP）和中性粒细胞（30.83/HP）明显高于非复发组（13.72/HP），复发组的中性粒细胞（18.5/HP）也明显高于非复发组。复发组的 IFN-γ、IL-17A、IL-17E 和 IL-18 表达水平明显高于非复发组，阳性率无差异。在中国西南部，肠杆菌科和厌氧菌可能与鼻息肉的炎症模式表达有关。中性粒细胞介导的炎症反应在西南地区的 CRSwNP 患者中起着重要作用，并与鼻息肉复发有关。鼻内镜鼻窦手术后鼻息肉复发可能与保护性微生物丰度降低和致病性微生物数量增加有关。
