Contzen Nadja, Inauen Jennifer
Environmental and Health Psychology Group, Department of Environmental Social Sciences, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Chair of Applied Social Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Behav Med. 2015 Dec;38(6):956-69. doi: 10.1007/s10865-015-9661-2. Epub 2015 Aug 5.
Handwashing with soap effectively prevents diarrhoea, a leading cause of death in infants. Theory-based interventions are expected to promote handwashing more successfully than standard approaches. The present article investigates the underlying change processes of theory-based handwashing interventions. A nonrandomised field study compared a standard approach to two theory-based interventions that were tailored to the target population, the inhabitants of four villages in southern Ethiopia (N = 408). Data were collected before and after interventions by structured interviews and analysed by mediation analysis. In comparison to the standard approach (i.e., education only), education with public commitment and reminder was slightly more effective in changing social-cognitive factors and handwashing. Education with an infrastructure promotion and reminder was most effective in promoting handwashing through enhancing social-cognitive factors. The results confirm the relevance of testing interventions' underlying change processes.
用肥皂洗手能有效预防腹泻，腹泻是婴儿死亡的主要原因。基于理论的干预措施预计比标准方法更能成功地促进洗手。本文研究了基于理论的洗手干预措施的潜在变化过程。一项非随机实地研究将一种标准方法与两种针对目标人群（埃塞俄比亚南部四个村庄的居民，N = 408）量身定制的基于理论的干预措施进行了比较。通过结构化访谈在干预前后收集数据，并通过中介分析进行分析。与标准方法（即仅进行教育）相比，有公开承诺和提醒的教育在改变社会认知因素和洗手行为方面略为有效。有基础设施推广和提醒的教育在通过增强社会认知因素来促进洗手方面最为有效。结果证实了测试干预措施潜在变化过程的相关性。
