Roos Lilian, Taube Wolfgang, Zuest Peter, Clénin German, Wyss Thomas
Swiss Federal Institute of Sport Magglingen (SFISM), 2532 Magglingen, Switzerland ; Department of Medicine, Movement and Sport Science, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
Department of Medicine, Movement and Sport Science, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:259531. doi: 10.1155/2015/259531. Epub 2015 Jul 15.
Findings about the relation between musculoskeletal injuries and training patterns in orienteering athletes are sparse. Therefore, the musculoskeletal injuries and training patterns of 31 Swiss elite orienteering athletes aged 18-19 years were analyzed in a retrospective study. Individual training diaries and medical records were used to assess training data and injury history, respectively. Group comparisons and a multiple linear regression (MLR) were performed for statistical analysis. The junior elite orienteering athletes performed 7.38 ± 2.00 training sessions weekly, with a total duration of 455.75 ± 98.22 minutes. An injury incidence rate (IIR) of 2.18 ± 2.13 injuries per 1000 hours of training was observed. The lower extremity was affected in 93% of all injuries, and the knee (33%) was the most commonly injured location. The MLR revealed that gender and six training variables explained 60% of the variance in the injury severity index in this study. Supported by the low IIR in the observed age group, the training protocol of the junior elite orienteering athletes was generally adequate. In comparison to elite track, marathon, and orienteering athletes, the junior elite athletes performed less high-intensity interval training (HIIT). However, more frequent HIIT seems to be a protective factor against injuries.
关于定向越野运动员肌肉骨骼损伤与训练模式之间关系的研究结果很少。因此，在一项回顾性研究中，分析了31名年龄在18 - 19岁的瑞士精英定向越野运动员的肌肉骨骼损伤情况和训练模式。分别使用个人训练日记和医疗记录来评估训练数据和损伤史。进行组间比较和多元线性回归（MLR）以进行统计分析。青少年精英定向越野运动员每周进行7.38±2.00次训练，总时长为455.75±98.22分钟。观察到每1000小时训练的损伤发生率（IIR）为2.18±2.13次损伤。所有损伤中有93%发生在下肢，其中膝盖（33%）是最常受伤的部位。多元线性回归显示，在本研究中，性别和六个训练变量解释了损伤严重程度指数中60%的方差。鉴于观察到的年龄组中损伤发生率较低，青少年精英定向越野运动员的训练方案总体上是合适的。与精英田径、马拉松和定向越野运动员相比，青少年精英运动员进行的高强度间歇训练（HIIT）较少。然而，更频繁地进行高强度间歇训练似乎是预防损伤的一个保护因素。
