Nielsen Rasmus Oestergaard, Buist Ida, Sørensen Henrik, Lind Martin, Rasmussen Sten
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2012 Feb;7(1):58-75.
The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the link between training characteristics (volume, duration, frequency, and intensity) and running related injuries.
A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and SportDiscus. Studies were included if they examined novice, recreational, or elite runners between the ages of 18 and 65. Exposure variables were training characteristics defined as volume, distance or mileage, time or duration, frequency, intensity, speed or pace, or similar terms. The outcome of interest was Running Related Injuries (RRI) in general or specific RRI in the lower extremity or lower back. Methodological quality was evaluated using quality assessment tools of 11 to 16 items.
After examining 4561 titles and abstracts, 63 articles were identified as potentially relevant. Finally, nine retrospective cohort studies, 13 prospective cohort studies, six case-control studies, and three randomized controlled trials were included. The mean quality score was 44.1%. Conflicting results were reported on the relationships between volume, duration, intensity, and frequency and RRI.
It was not possible to identify which training errors were related to running related injuries. Still, well supported data on which training errors relate to or cause running related injuries is highly important for determining proper prevention strategies. If methodological limitations in measuring training variables can be resolved, more work can be conducted to define training and the interactions between different training variables, create several hypotheses, test the hypotheses in a large scale prospective study, and explore cause and effect relationships in randomized controlled trials.
2a.
本系统评价旨在探讨训练特征（量、持续时间、频率和强度）与跑步相关损伤之间的联系。
在PubMed、科学网、Embase和SportDiscus中进行了系统检索。纳入的研究对象为年龄在18至65岁之间的新手、业余或精英跑者。暴露变量为训练特征，定义为量、距离或里程、时间或持续时间、频率、强度、速度或配速，或类似术语。感兴趣的结局为一般跑步相关损伤（RRI）或下肢或下背部的特定RRI。使用11至16项的质量评估工具对方法学质量进行评估。
在审查了4561篇标题和摘要后，确定了63篇可能相关的文章。最终，纳入了9项回顾性队列研究、13项前瞻性队列研究、6项病例对照研究和3项随机对照试验。平均质量评分为44.1%。关于量、持续时间、强度和频率与RRI之间的关系，报告了相互矛盾的结果。
无法确定哪些训练错误与跑步相关损伤有关。尽管如此，关于哪些训练错误与跑步相关损伤有关或导致跑步相关损伤的有力数据对于确定适当的预防策略非常重要。如果能够解决测量训练变量方面的方法学局限性，就可以开展更多工作来定义训练以及不同训练变量之间的相互作用，提出若干假设，在大规模前瞻性研究中检验这些假设，并在随机对照试验中探索因果关系。
2a。
