Allen Mark S, Vella Stewart A, Laborde Sylvain
School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.
Early Start Research Institute, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia.
Br J Dev Psychol. 2015 Sep;33(3):375-90. doi: 10.1111/bjdp.12102. Epub 2015 Jul 17.
This investigation explored the contribution of extracurricular sport and screen time viewing (television viewing and electronic gaming) to personality trait stability and change during childhood. Two independent samples of 3,956 young children (age 6) and 3,862 older children (age 10) were taken from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Parent-reported child sport participation, screen time, and personality traits were measured at baseline and again 24 months later. Young children who were more active recorded more of a decrease in introversion, less of a decrease in persistence, and less of an increase in reactivity, than those who were less active. Older children who were more active recorded less of an increase in introversion and more of an increase in persistence than those who were less active. In addition, young children who continued participation in extracurricular sport had greater intra-individual stability of personality for introversion. These finding suggest that an active lifestyle might help to facilitate desirable personality trait stability and change during childhood.
本研究探讨了课外体育活动和屏幕时间（看电视和电子游戏）对儿童期人格特质稳定性和变化的影响。从澳大利亚儿童纵向研究中选取了两个独立样本，分别为3956名幼儿（6岁）和3862名大龄儿童（10岁）。在基线时以及24个月后测量了家长报告的儿童体育活动参与情况、屏幕时间和人格特质。与活动较少的幼儿相比，活动较多的幼儿在内向性方面的减少更多，在坚持性方面的减少更少，在反应性方面的增加更少。与活动较少的大龄儿童相比，活动较多的大龄儿童在内向性方面的增加更少，在坚持性方面的增加更多。此外，持续参与课外体育活动的幼儿在内向性方面具有更大的个体内部人格稳定性。这些发现表明，积极的生活方式可能有助于促进儿童期理想的人格特质稳定性和变化。
