Mincic Adina M
Center for Systems Neurosciences, Department of Preclinical Sciences, University of Oradea, Piata 1 Decembrie nr. 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
Neuropsychologia. 2015 Oct;77:97-118. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.08.007. Epub 2015 Aug 8.
Two central traits present in the most influential models of personality characterize the response to positive and, respectively, negative emotional events. Negative emotionality (NE)-related traits are linked to vulnerability to mood and anxiety disorders; this has fuelled a special interest in examining stable differences in brain morphology associated to these traits. Structural imaging methods including voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness analysis and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have yielded inconclusive and sometimes contradictory results. This review summarizes the findings reported to date through these methods and discusses them in relation to the functional imaging results. To detect topographic convergence between studies showing positive and, respectively, negative grey matter associations with NE-traits, activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses of VBM studies were performed. Individuals scoring high on NE-related traits show consistent morphological differences in a left-lateralized circuit: higher grey matter volume (GMV) in amygdala and anterior parahippocampal gyrus and lower GMV in the orbitofrontal cortex extending into perigenual anterior cingulate cortex. Most DTI studies indicate reduced white matter integrity in various brain regions and tracts, particularly in the uncinate fasciculus and in cingulum bundle. These results show that the behavioural phenotype associated to NE traits is reflected in structural differences within the cortico-limbic system, suggesting alterations in information processing and transmission. The results are discussed from the perspective of neuron-glia interactions. Future directions are outlined based on recent developments in structural imaging techniques.
最具影响力的人格模型中存在的两个核心特质分别表征了对积极和消极情绪事件的反应。与消极情绪性（NE）相关的特质与情绪和焦虑障碍的易感性有关；这激发了人们对研究与这些特质相关的大脑形态稳定差异的特别兴趣。包括基于体素的形态测量、皮质厚度分析和扩散张量成像（DTI）在内的结构成像方法得出的结果尚无定论，有时甚至相互矛盾。本综述总结了迄今为止通过这些方法报告的研究结果，并结合功能成像结果进行了讨论。为了检测显示与NE特质分别存在正性和负性灰质关联的研究之间的地形收敛性，对VBM研究进行了激活可能性估计（ALE）元分析。在NE相关特质上得分高的个体在左侧化回路中表现出一致的形态差异：杏仁核和海马旁回前部的灰质体积（GMV）较高，而眶额皮质延伸至膝周前扣带回皮质的GMV较低。大多数DTI研究表明，不同脑区和神经束的白质完整性降低，尤其是钩束和扣带束。这些结果表明，与NE特质相关的行为表型反映在皮质-边缘系统内的结构差异中，提示信息处理和传递存在改变。从神经元-胶质细胞相互作用的角度对结果进行了讨论。基于结构成像技术的最新进展概述了未来的研究方向。
