Lara Hatty, Nevarez-Brewster Melissa, Manning Cori, Reid Matthew J, Parade Stephanie H, Mason Gina M, Rojo-Wissar Darlynn M
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA.
Front Sleep. 2024;3. doi: 10.3389/frsle.2024.1405398. Epub 2024 Dec 3.
Sleep disturbances are posited to play a key role in the development of poor mental and physical health outcomes related to early life adversity (ELA), in part through effects on brain development. Language development is critically important for health and developmental outcomes across the lifespan, including academic achievement and emotion regulation. Yet, very little research has focused on the dynamic contributions of ELA, sleep, and brain development on language outcomes. In this mini review, we summarize the current pediatric literature independently connecting ELA and sleep to language development, as well as the effects of ELA and sleep on language-relevant aspects of brain structure and function. We then propose a framework suggesting that sleep disturbances and subsequent effects on brain structure and function may act as key mechanisms linking ELA and language development. Future research investigating the associations among ELA, sleep, brain, and language development will refine our proposed framework and identify whether sleep should be included as an intervention target to mitigate the effects of early life adversity on language development.
睡眠障碍被认为在与早期生活逆境（ELA）相关的不良身心健康结果的发展中起关键作用，部分原因是其对大脑发育的影响。语言发展对于整个生命周期的健康和发育结果至关重要，包括学业成就和情绪调节。然而，很少有研究关注ELA、睡眠和大脑发育对语言结果的动态影响。在这篇小型综述中，我们总结了当前将ELA和睡眠与语言发展独立联系起来的儿科文献，以及ELA和睡眠对与语言相关的大脑结构和功能方面的影响。然后，我们提出一个框架，表明睡眠障碍及其对大脑结构和功能的后续影响可能是连接ELA和语言发展的关键机制。未来研究ELA、睡眠、大脑和语言发展之间的关联，将完善我们提出的框架，并确定睡眠是否应作为干预目标，以减轻早期生活逆境对语言发展的影响。
