运用欣赏式探询来转变护生对护理工作的认知。
Using appreciative inquiry to transform student nurses' image of nursing.
作者信息
Chauke Motshedisi E, Van Der Wal Dirk, Botha Annalie
机构信息
Department of Health Studies, University of South Africa.
出版信息
Curationis. 2015 Aug 19;38(1):1460. doi: 10.4102/curationis.v38i1.1460.
INTRODUCTION
Literature provides adequate evidence of a poor perception of nursing within the profession, resulting in high rates of attrition of student nurses and newly qualified nurses. The nursing profession, in particular nurse educators, has an ethical and professional responsibility to find innovative strategies to promote the positive image of nursing amongst student nurses.
PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to explore the potential of appreciative inquiry (AI) as an intervention teaching strategy to transform student nurses' image of nursing.
DESIGN
A quantitative, quasi-experimental, explorative-descriptive design comprising the pretest, appreciative inquiry as intervention, and the post-test was used.
METHODS
Convenience sampling was used to select third and fourth year college and university student nurses in the Gauteng province of South Africa for the pre- and the post-test respectively. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire and analysed by SPSS version 20.0.
FINDINGS
The pretest results revealed a mix of positive and negative perceptions of the image of nursing amongst student nurses. The negative perceptions of the image of nursing that needed intervention included the working conditions of nurses, and the perception of nursing as a profession that was not respected and appreciated. The post-test results showed a significant and positive change in the student nurses' perception of the image of nursing as a respected and appreciated profession. Although AI resulted in a negative to positive change in some aspects of student nurses' image of nursing, the negative perceptions of the working conditions of nurses remained and became more negative. The positive image of gender in nursing was enhanced following the implementation of AI.
CONCLUSION
Appreciative inquiry demonstrated potential as a teaching strategy to produce a positive nursing image change and positive orientation towards nursing amongst student nurses.
引言
文献充分证明了护理行业内部对护理工作的认知不佳，这导致了护生和新获得资格护士的高流失率。护理行业，尤其是护理教育工作者，有道德和职业责任去寻找创新策略，以提升护生对护理行业的积极形象。
目的
本研究的目的是探索赏识性探询（AI）作为一种干预性教学策略，以转变护生对护理行业的认知形象的潜力。
设计
采用了一种定量的、准实验性的、探索性描述性设计，包括前测、以赏识性探询作为干预措施以及后测。
方法
采用便利抽样法，分别选取南非豪登省的大专院校三、四年级护生进行前测和后测。通过问卷收集数据，并使用SPSS 20.0版本进行分析。
结果
前测结果显示，护生对护理行业形象的认知既有积极的也有消极的。需要干预的对护理行业形象的消极认知包括护士的工作条件，以及认为护理行业不受尊重和赏识的看法。后测结果显示，护生对护理行业作为一个受尊重和赏识的职业的认知有显著的积极变化。尽管赏识性探询在护生对护理行业形象的某些方面带来了从消极到积极的变化，但对护士工作条件的消极认知仍然存在且变得更加消极。实施赏识性探询后，护理行业中性别方面的积极形象得到了增强。
结论
赏识性探询显示出作为一种教学策略的潜力，能够在护生中产生积极的护理形象变化以及对护理行业的积极态度。
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