Fulmer Erika B, Neilands Torsten B, Dube Shanta R, Kuiper Nicole M, Arrazola Rene A, Glantz Stanton A
Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, N.E., MS F-79, Atlanta, Georgia, 30341, United States of America.
Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (CAPS), Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 50 Beale Street, Suite 1300, San Francisco, California, 94105, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 26;10(8):e0134734. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134734. eCollection 2015.
Youth are exposed to many types of protobacco influences, including smoking in movies, which has been shown to cause initiation. This study investigates associations between different channels of protobacco media and susceptibility to smoking cigarettes, cigarette experimentation, and current tobacco use among US middle and high school students.
By using data from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey, structural equation modeling was performed in 2013. The analyses examined exposure to tobacco use in different channels of protobacco media on smoking susceptibility, experimentation, and current tobacco use, accounting for perceived peer tobacco use.
In 2012, 27.9% of respondents were never-smokers who reported being susceptible to trying cigarette smoking. Cigarette experimentation increased from 6.3% in 6th grade to 37.1% in 12th grade. Likewise, current tobacco use increased from 5.2% in 6th grade to 33.2% in 12th grade. Structural equation modeling supported a model in which current tobacco use is associated with exposure to static advertising through perception of peer use, and by exposure to tobacco use depicted on TV and in movies, both directly and through perception of peer use. Exposure to static advertising appears to directly increase smoking susceptibility but indirectly (through increased perceptions of peer use) to increase cigarette experimentation. Models that explicitly incorporate peer use as a mediator can better discern the direct and indirect effects of exposure to static advertising on youth tobacco use initiation.
These findings underscore the importance of reducing youth exposure to smoking in TV, movies, and static advertising.
青少年会受到多种促烟因素的影响，包括电影中的吸烟镜头，这些已被证明会导致开始吸烟。本研究调查了不同促烟媒体渠道与美国中学生和高中生吸烟易感性、尝试吸烟行为以及当前烟草使用之间的关联。
利用2012年全国青少年烟草调查的数据，于2013年进行了结构方程模型分析。这些分析考察了在不同促烟媒体渠道中接触烟草使用情况对吸烟易感性、尝试吸烟行为和当前烟草使用的影响，并考虑了同伴吸烟行为的影响。
2012年，27.9%的受访者表示从未吸烟，但称有可能尝试吸烟。尝试吸烟的比例从六年级的6.3%升至十二年级的37.1%。同样，当前烟草使用率从六年级的5.2%升至十二年级的33.2%。结构方程模型支持这样一种模型，即当前烟草使用与通过同伴吸烟行为感知接触静态广告以及直接和通过同伴吸烟行为感知接触电视和电影中描绘的烟草使用有关。接触静态广告似乎直接增加吸烟易感性，但间接（通过增加同伴吸烟行为的感知）增加尝试吸烟行为。明确将同伴吸烟行为作为中介因素纳入的模型能够更好地辨别接触静态广告对青少年烟草使用起始的直接和间接影响。
这些研究结果强调了减少青少年接触电视、电影和静态广告中吸烟镜头的重要性。
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