Noman Muhammad Zaeem, Hasmim Meriem, Messai Yosra, Terry Stéphane, Kieda Claudine, Janji Bassam, Chouaib Salem
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1186, Equipe Labellisée Par La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Gustave Roussy Campus, Villejuif, France;
Centre for Molecular Biophysics, Cell Recognition, and Glycobiology, UPR 4301 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Orléans, France; and.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2015 Nov 1;309(9):C569-79. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00207.2015. Epub 2015 Aug 26.
The tumor microenvironment is a complex system, playing an important role in tumor development and progression. Besides cellular stromal components, extracellular matrix fibers, cytokines, and other metabolic mediators are also involved. In this review we outline the potential role of hypoxia, a major feature of most solid tumors, within the tumor microenvironment and how it contributes to immune resistance and immune suppression/tolerance and can be detrimental to antitumor effector cell functions. We also outline how hypoxic stress influences immunosuppressive pathways involving macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, T regulatory cells, and immune checkpoints and how it may confer tumor resistance. Finally, we discuss how microenvironmental hypoxia poses both obstacles and opportunities for new therapeutic immune interventions.
肿瘤微环境是一个复杂的系统,在肿瘤的发生和发展中起着重要作用。除了细胞基质成分外,细胞外基质纤维、细胞因子和其他代谢介质也参与其中。在这篇综述中,我们概述了缺氧(大多数实体瘤的一个主要特征)在肿瘤微环境中的潜在作用,以及它如何导致免疫抵抗和免疫抑制/耐受,并可能损害抗肿瘤效应细胞的功能。我们还概述了缺氧应激如何影响涉及巨噬细胞、髓源性抑制细胞、调节性T细胞和免疫检查点的免疫抑制途径,以及它如何赋予肿瘤抗性。最后,我们讨论了微环境缺氧如何给新的免疫治疗干预带来障碍和机遇。