Shirakami Yohei, Sakai Hiroyasu, Shimizu Masahito
Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr. 2015 Aug;4(4):222-8. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2015.05.01.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health issue in many countries. The prognosis of HCC is still poor due to its high recurrence rate and its resistance to chemotherapy. Retinoids have long been known to have a connection with liver diseases, including HCC. Many experimental and clinical investigations have demonstrated associations between retinoids and hepatic disease, including the loss of retinoid activity in HCC cell lines and decreased hepatic retinoid stores and altered retinoid signaling in patients with cirrhosis and HCC. Based on these findings, preclinical and clinical investigations of retinoid effects on HCC have been undertaken. Recently, clinical trial results for the use of a synthetic retinoid, acyclic retinoid (ACR), to prevent HCC recurrence were published. In addition, extensive experimental studies on the action of retinoids in liver disease, including chronic viral hepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which lead to HCC have been performed. In the first section of this review, we will summarize the effectiveness and roles of retinoid for treating liver disease and blocking HCC. Subsequently, we will focus on ACR actions in blocking HCC.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是许多国家的一个主要健康问题。由于其高复发率和对化疗的耐药性，HCC的预后仍然很差。长期以来，人们一直知道类视黄醇与包括HCC在内的肝脏疾病有关。许多实验和临床研究已经证明了类视黄醇与肝脏疾病之间的关联，包括HCC细胞系中类视黄醇活性的丧失、肝硬化和HCC患者肝脏类视黄醇储备的减少以及类视黄醇信号传导的改变。基于这些发现，已经开展了关于类视黄醇对HCC影响的临床前和临床研究。最近，使用合成类视黄醇阿环维A（ACR）预防HCC复发的临床试验结果已发表。此外，还对类视黄醇在导致HCC的肝脏疾病（包括慢性病毒性肝炎和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD））中的作用进行了广泛的实验研究。在本综述的第一部分，我们将总结类视黄醇在治疗肝脏疾病和阻断HCC方面的有效性和作用。随后，我们将重点关注ACR在阻断HCC方面的作用。
