Laska Melissa N, Caspi Caitlin E, Pelletier Jennifer E, Friebur Robin, Harnack Lisa J
University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, 1300 S 2nd St, Ste 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454. Email:
University of Minnesota, School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Prev Chronic Dis. 2015 Aug 27;12:E135. doi: 10.5888/pcd12.150171.
The US Department of Agriculture has stocking criteria for healthy foods among Supplemental Nutrition Assistant Program (SNAP)-authorized retailers. Increased access to healthy food could improve diet quality among SNAP participants, which has implications for chronic disease prevention. The objective of this study was to quantify healthy foods stocked in small-size to mid-size retailers who are authorized under SNAP but not under the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).
We used formative, cross-sectional data from a large policy evaluation to conduct secondary analyses. Store audits were conducted in 2014 in 91 randomly selected, licensed food stores in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota. Supermarkets and retailers participating in WIC, which are required to stock healthy foods, were excluded as were other stores not reasonably expected to stock staple foods, such as specialty stores or produce stands. Availability of milk, fruits, vegetables, and whole-grain-rich foods was assessed.
The 91 stores studied were corner stores, food-gas marts, dollar stores, and pharmacies. More than half carried 1 or more varieties of fat-free or low-fat milk, fresh or canned fruit, and whole-grain-rich cereal. However, only one-third stocked 1 or more varieties of fresh vegetables and only one-quarter stocked whole-grain-rich products, such as whole-grain-rich bread (26%) or tortillas (21%) or brown rice (25%). Few stores stocked at least 2 varieties of each product.
Many stores did not stock a variety of healthy foods. The US Department of Agriculture should change policies to improve minimum stocking requirements for SNAP-authorized retailers.
美国农业部对补充营养援助计划(SNAP)授权零售商销售健康食品有库存标准。增加健康食品的可及性可能会改善SNAP参与者的饮食质量,这对慢性病预防具有重要意义。本研究的目的是量化在SNAP授权但未参加妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养计划(WIC)的中小型零售商处库存的健康食品。
我们使用来自大型政策评估的形成性横断面数据进行二次分析。2014年,对明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市和圣保罗市91家随机选择的持牌食品店进行了店铺审计。参与WIC的超市和零售商(这些商家被要求储备健康食品)以及其他不太可能储备主食的店铺(如专卖店或农产品摊位)被排除在外。评估了牛奶、水果、蔬菜和富含全谷物的食品的供应情况。
所研究的91家店铺包括街角商店、食品加油站、一元店和药店。超过一半的店铺有1种或更多种类的无脂或低脂牛奶、新鲜或罐装水果以及富含全谷物的谷物。然而,只有三分之一的店铺储备了1种或更多种类的新鲜蔬菜,只有四分之一的店铺储备了富含全谷物的产品,如全麦面包(26%)、玉米饼(21%)或糙米(25%)。很少有店铺每种产品至少储备2种。
许多店铺没有储备多种健康食品。美国农业部应改变政策,提高对SNAP授权零售商的最低库存要求。