Garborg Kjetil
Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.b. 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Department of Medicine, Sørlandet Hospital HF, P.b. 416, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway.
Surg Clin North Am. 2015 Oct;95(5):979-89. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2015.05.007. Epub 2015 Jun 19.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in the Western world. Advances in surgical and medical management have led to improved outcomes; however, the prognosis of CRC is often poor when detected at a symptomatic stage. Most cases of CRC develop over years from removable well-defined precursor lesions, and asymptomatic, curable disease may be detected by convenient noninvasive tests. These features make CRC a suitable candidate for screening, and several options are available. This article outlines the evidence for established CRC screening tests along with a discussion on newer tests and ongoing research.
在西方世界，结直肠癌（CRC）是癌症发病和死亡的主要原因。手术和药物治疗的进展已带来了更好的治疗效果；然而，在出现症状阶段才被发现的结直肠癌，其预后往往较差。大多数结直肠癌病例是由多年来可切除的、界限清晰的前驱病变发展而来的，通过便捷的非侵入性检测可能发现无症状的可治愈疾病。这些特征使结直肠癌成为筛查的合适对象，并且有多种筛查选项可供选择。本文概述了现有结直肠癌筛查检测的证据，并讨论了更新的检测方法和正在进行的研究。
